نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کمی)
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، واحد بجنورد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بجنورد، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد قوچان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قوچان، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هدف: با توجه به پایین‌آمدن سن اعتیاد و مشکلات فراوانی که مبتلایان به اعتیاد با آن مواجه هستند، پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه مدل علّی سوگیری به مواد مخدر در دانش‌آموزان بر اساس افت تحصیلی و بیش‌فعالی و کاستی توجه با نقش میانجی‌گری احساس ناامیدی انجام شد.
روش: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر شیوه اجرا توصیفی از نوع همبستگی بود. جامعه پژوهش کلیه دانش‌آموزان دوره اول و دوم متوسطه ناحیه یک شهر مشهد در سال تحصیلی 1400-1399 بودند که تعداد 310 نفر از آنها با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش حاضر، پرسشنامه‌های استعداد اعتیاد، افت تحصیلی، بیش‌فعالی و کاستی توجه و ناامیدی بودند که شاخص‌های روانسنجی آن در پژوهش‌های قبلی و این مطالعه تایید شد. داده‌ها با روش مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزارهای SPSS نسخه 24 و AMOS نسخه 24 تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که مدل علّی سوگیری به مواد مخدر در دانش‌آموزان بر اساس افت تحصیلی و بیش‌فعالی و کاستی توجه با نقش میانجی‌گری احساس ناامیدی برازش مطلوبی داشت. همچنین، متغیر افت تحصیلی بر احساس ناامیدی و سوگیری به مواد مخدر، متغیر بیش‌فعالی و کاستی توجه بر احساس ناامیدی و متغیر احساس ناامیدی بر سوگیری به مواد مخدر تاثیر مستقیم و معنادار داشت (05/0P<)، اما متغیر بیش‌فعالی و کاستی توجه بر سوگیری به مواد مخدر تاثیر مستقیم و معنادار نداشت (05/0P>). علاوه بر آن، افت تحصیلی و بیش‌فعالی و کاستی توجه با میانجی‌گری احساس ناامیدی بر سوگیری به مواد مخدر تاثیر غیرمستقیم و معنادار داشت (05/0P<).
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج حاکی از نقش موثر افت تحصیلی و بیش‌فعالی و کاستی توجه با میانجی‌گری احساس ناامیدی بر سوگیری به مواد مخدر بود. بنابراین، برنامه‌ریزان و متخصصان فعالیت‌های فرهنگی تربیتی نوجوانان برای کاهش سوگیری به مواد مخدر می‌توانند به‌دنبال طراحی و اجرای برنامه‌هایی برای کاهش افت تحصیلی، بیش‌فعالی و کاستی توجه و احساس ناامیدی باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Presenting a Causal Model of Bias towards Drugs in Students based on Academic Failure and Hyperactivity and Attention Deficit with the Mediating Role of Hedonism
نویسندگان [English]
- Ali Doosti 1
- Mohammad Mohammadipour 2
- Abdollah Mafakheri 3
1 PhD student, Department of Psychology, Bojnord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnord, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Qochan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qochan, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Purpose: Considering the decreasing age of addiction and the many problems faced by addicts, the present research was conducted with the aim of presenting a causal model of bias towards drugs in students based on the academic failure and hyperactivity and attention deficit with the mediating role of hopelessness feelings.
Methodology: The current research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was descriptive from type of correlation. The research population was all the junior and senior high school students of one district of Mashhad city in the 2020-2021 academic years, which number of 310 people of them were selected as a sample by cluster random sampling method. The tools of the current research were the questionnaires of addiction potential, academic failure, hyperactivity and attention deficit and hopelessness, which whose psychometric indicators were confirmed in previous researches and in this study. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling method in SPSS version 24 and AMOS version 24 software.
Findings: The findings of the present study showed that the causal model of bias towards drugs in students based on the academic failure and hyperactivity and attention deficit with the mediating role of hopelessness feelings had a good fit. Also, the variable of academic failure on the hopelessness feelings and bias towards drugs, the variable of hyperactivity and attention deficit on the hopelessness feelings and the variable of hopelessness feelings on the bias towards drugs had a direct and significant effect (P<0.05), but the variable of hyperactivity and attention deficit on the bias towards drugs hadn’t a direct and significant effect (P>0.05). In addition, academic failure and hyperactivity and attention deficit had an indirect and significant effect on the bias towards drugs with the mediating of hopelessness feelings (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results indicated the effective role of academic failure and hyperactivity and attention deficit with the mediating of hopelessness feeling on bias towards drugs. Therefore, the planners and specialists of cultural and educational activities of adolescents in order reduce to bias towards drugs can seek to design and implement programs to reduce academic failure, hyperactivity and attention deficit and hopelessness feelings.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Bias Towards Drugs
- Academic failure
- Hyperactivity and Attention Deficit
- Hopelessness Feelings
- Students
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