دو فصلنامه علمی جامعه شناسی آموزش و پرورش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کمی)

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

10.22034/ijes.2024.2015017.1492

چکیده

هدف: پیشرفت تحصیلی به‌ویژه در درس ریاضی اهمیت زیادی دارد و شناخت عوامل موثر بر آن به برنامه‌ریزی در زمینه پیشرفت تحصیلی ریاضی کمک زیادی می‌کند. در نتیجه، هدف این پژوهش بررسی مدل علّی پیشرفت تحصیلی ریاضی بر اساس تفکر خلاق و تفکر انتقادی با میانجی‌گری حل مسئله در دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی بود.
 
روش: پژوهش حاضر توصیفی از نوع کمّی بود که جامعه آن، همه دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی شهر تبریز در سال تحصیلی 1403-1402 بودند. حجم نمونه پژوهش حاضر 250 نفر در نظر گرفته شد که این تعداد با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای این مطالعه شامل پرسشنامه‌های پیشرفت تحصیلی ریاضی (Shalev et al, 1993)، تفکر خلاق (Welch and Mc Dowall, 2010)، تفکر انتقادی (Facione et al, 1994) و حل مسئله (Heppner and Petersen, 1982) بودند و داده‌های آنها با روش‌های ضرایب همبستگی پیرسون و مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزارهای SPSS-26 و AMOS-24 تحلیل شدند
 
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که مدل علّی پیشرفت تحصیلی ریاضی بر اساس تفکر خلاق و تفکر انتقادی با میانجی‌گری حل مسئله در دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی برازش مناسبی داشت. در مدل مذکور، متغیرهای تفکر خلاق و تفکر انتقادی بر حل مسئله و پیشرفت تحصیلی ریاضی دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی و متغیر حل مسئله بر پیشرفت تحصیلی ریاضی آنان اثر مستقیم و معنادار داشت. علاوه بر آن، متغیرهای تفکر خلاق و تفکر انتقادی با میانجی‌گری حل مسئله بر پیشرفت تحصیلی ریاضی دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی اثر غیرمستقیم و معنادار داشتند (05/0P<).
 
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه، برای بهبود پیشرفت تحصیلی ریاضی دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدایی می‌توان میزان تفکر خلاق، تفکر انتقادی و حل مسئله آنان را ارتقاء داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Causal Model of Mathematical Academic Achievement based on the Creative Thinking and Critical Thinking with the Mediation of Problem Solving in Primary School Students of Tabriz City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nahideh Yousefpour 1
  • Noushin Derakhshan 1
  • Roghayeh Poursaberi 2

1 Department of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Educational Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Purpose: Academic achievement especially in mathematics is very important and knowing the effective factors on it helps a lot in planning in the field of mathematical academic achievement. As a result, the aim of this research was to investigate the causal model of mathematical academic achievement based on the creative thinking and critical thinking with the mediation of problem solving in primary school students.
 
Methodology: The present study was a description from type of quantitative, which its population was all primary school students of Tabriz city in the 2023-24 academic years. The sample size of the present research was considered to be 250 people, which this number were selected by multi-step cluster random sampling method. The tools of this study were included the questionnaires of mathematical academic achievement (Shalev et al, 1993), creative thinking (Welch and Mc Dowall, 2010), critical thinking (Facione et al, 1994) and problem solving (Heppner and Petersen, 1982) and their data were analyzed with the methods of Pearson correlation coefficients and structural equation modeling in SPSS-26 and AMOS-24 software.
 
Findings: The findings of the present research showed that the causal model of mathematical academic achievement based on the creative thinking and critical thinking with the mediation of problem solving in primary school students had a good fit. In the mentioned model, the variables of creative thinking and critical thinking had a direct and significant effect on problem solving and mathematical academic achievement of primary school students, and the variable of problem solving had a direct and significant effect on their mathematical academic achievement. In addition, the variables of creative thinking and critical thinking with the mediation of problem solving had an indirect and significant effect on mathematical academic achievement of primary school students (P<0.05).
 
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, in order to improve the mathematical academic achievement of primary school students can promote their creative thinking, critical thinking and problem solving.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mathematical Academic Achievement
  • Creative thinking
  • Critical Thinking
  • problem solving
  • Students
  • Primary School
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