نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کیفی)
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه تربیت و مشاوره، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار، گروه مطالعات برنامه درسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه تربیت و مشاوره، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 استاد، گروه روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجائی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هدف: امروزه با توجه به رشد فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات، اهمیت بهره‌گیری از برنامه‌درسی آنلاین افزایش پیدا کرده است. بنابراین، هدف این مطالعه شناسایی عناصر و شاخص‌ها و اعتباریابی الگوی جامع برنامه‌درسی آنلاین بود.
روش: این مطالعه کاربردی از نوع کیفی بود که با روش سنتزپژوهی انجام شد. در پژوهش حاضر از میان پژوهش‌های مرتبط با حیطه پژوهش تعداد 75 مورد با روش هدفمند انتخاب و یادداشت‌برداری از آنها جهت دستیابی به یک جمع‌بندی مناسب درباره الگوی جامع برنامه‌درسی آنلاین صورت پذیرفت. همچنین، برای بررسی اعتباریابی الگوی مذکور از 32 نفر از خبرگان استفاده شد که آنان درباره اهمیت هر یک از 31 پرسش درباره اعتبار الگوی جامع برنامه‌درسی آنلاین نظر دادند. در نهایت، داده‌ها با روش‌های سنتزپژوهی و دلفی فازی تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های سنتزپژوهی نشان داد که برای برنامه‌درسی آنلاین 174 شاخص در 13 عنصر شامل اهداف (با 10 شاخص)، دانش‌آموز (با 12 شاخص)، معلم (با 14 شاخص)، محتوا (با 15 شاخص)، پشتیبان (با 12 شاخص)، گروه‌بندی (با 17 شاخص)، حضور (با 11 شاخص)، فناوری (با 11 شاخص)، زمان (با 11 شاخص)، محیط یادگیری (با 12 شاخص)، تعامل (با 23 شاخص)، مواد و منابع (با 8 شاخص) و ارزشیابی (با 18 شاخص) شناسایی شد. یافته‌های دلفی فازی در دور دوم نشان داد که از 31 پرسش درباره اعتباریابی الگوی جامع برنامه‌درسی آنلاین، الگوی مذکور دارای اعتبار مناسبی بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: الگوی جامع و معتبر برنامه‌درسی آنلاین این مطالعه می‌تواند توسط متخصصان و برنامه‌ریزان درسی جهت بهبود آموزش آنلاین مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
Identifying the Elements and Indicators and Validation of the Comprehensive Online Curriculum Pattern
نویسندگان [English]
- Abbas Razaghi 1
- Mostafa Ghaderi 2
- Kambiz Poushaneh 3
- Alireza Assareh 4
1 PhD student, Education and Counseling Department, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Curriculum Studies, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Education and Counseling Department, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Tarbiat University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Purpose: Today, due to the growth of information and communication technology, the importance of using online curriculum has increased. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identifying the elements and indicators and validation of the comprehensive online curriculum pattern.
Methodology: This was an applied study from type of qualitative that was done with the synthesis research method. In the current research, among the researches related to the research area number of 75 cases were selected with a purposeful method and taking notes on them was done in order to achieve a suitable summary about the comprehensive online curriculum pattern. Also, 32 experts were used to check the validation of the mentioned model, which they commented on the importance of each of the 31 questions about the validity of the comprehensive online curriculum pattern. Finally, the data were analyzed by synthesis research and fuzzy Delphi methods.
Findings: The findings of synthesis research showed that for the online curriculum was identified 174 indicators in 13 elements including goals (with 10 indicators), student (with 12 indicators), teacher (with 14 indicators), content (with 15 indicators), support (with 12 indicators), grouping (with 17 indicators), presence (with 11 indicators), technology (with 11 indicators), time (with 11 indicators), learning environment (with 12 indicators), interaction (with 23 indicators), materials and resources (with 8 indicators) and evaluation (with 18 indicators). The findings of the fuzzy Delphi in the second round showed that out of 31 questions about the validation of the comprehensive online curriculum pattern the said model had adequate validity.
Conclusion: The comprehensive and valid online curriculum pattern of this study can be used by experts and curriculum planners to improve online education.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Curriculum
- Online Curriculum
- Online Education
- Student
- Teacher
- Learning Environment
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