Original Article
Ahmad Dehghanzadeh; Esfandiyar Fishman ziyari; Mojtaba Moazami; Esmail Kavousi
Abstract
Purpose: Entering the third millennium AD and with technological advances and tremendous and rapid changes in work environments, one of the main preoccupations of the managers of organizations in the present era is the training and development of human resources, and the training of employees is the ...
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Purpose: Entering the third millennium AD and with technological advances and tremendous and rapid changes in work environments, one of the main preoccupations of the managers of organizations in the present era is the training and development of human resources, and the training of employees is the most important tool for the development of human resources. Through these trainings, the employees of the organization acquire the necessary capabilities and develop their capabilities and acquire the required skills. Researches on the effectiveness of training show that encouragement and training programs lead to an increase in the level of creativity and the improvement of employees' skills, and since the potential for creativity exists among all people, training plays an essential role in identifying and fostering creativity and promotion. It has employees. Isira defines evaluation as a final step in the training process, with the aim of improving training or judging the value and effectiveness of training programs. The present study designed and presented a model for evaluating the effectiveness of virtual in-service training courses for employees in Tejarat Bank.Methodology: This research was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. In the first stage, the qualitative method of content analysis (deductive) was used to collect information. In this stage, the statistical population was about 80 sources in the field of evaluating the effectiveness of virtual in-service training courses for employees, which were purposefully selected. In this study, 15 experts and faculty members of universities in Tehran province (full time and tuition fees) in the fields of educational management as a statistical sample using snowball sampling method to determine the validity of the qualitative stage Were taken.In the second phase of the research, the statistical population consisted of faculty members and graduates of educational management at the Islamic Azad University. According to the Islamic Azad University of Tehran, there were about 2,500 people. The sample size was estimated based on Cochran's formula of 384 people and after collecting data, statistical analysis of research data in two descriptive levels using statistical indicators (such as frequency, percentage and mean) and the inferential level of confirmatory factor analysis, using Spss 22, Lisrel 8.54 and Excel.Findings: Significance of coefficients and parameters obtained Dimensions of effective teaching of virtual course teachers, quality of educational services in virtual education, the impact of information technology in virtual education and e-learning methods showed that all coefficients were significant.Conclusion: The findings of the dimension analysis indicate that among the dimensions of the model for evaluating the effectiveness of virtual courses of in-service training of employees in Tejarat Bank, the quality of educational services in virtual education with an average (0.91) is the highest and the role of technology Information in virtual training with an average (0.75) has the least impact on evaluating the effectiveness of in-service training courses for employees of Tejarat Bank.
Original Article
Gholamreza Nasiri; Parviz Saeedi; Samereh Shojaei
Abstract
Purpose: In today's world, in addition to educational and research missions, universities have found a new mission that is an increasing participation in the process of innovation and technology development, and if a university engages in entrepreneurial activities, it is known as a source of technology ...
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Purpose: In today's world, in addition to educational and research missions, universities have found a new mission that is an increasing participation in the process of innovation and technology development, and if a university engages in entrepreneurial activities, it is known as a source of technology development. In recent years, universities' contract research with industry has increased, and the tendency to patent and sell universities' technologies, creating new structures such as entrepreneurship centers in universities, growth centers, and university spawning companies all indicate the importance of knowledge commercialization from universities to industry. Academic seed companies are known as a part of seed companies that were formed with the aim of commercializing new technologies from the results of research and development in universities. Present research was conducted with the aim of interpretive structural modeling of effective components on growth of academic spin-off.Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The research population in the qualitative section was documents and texts about academic spin-off and experts in this field, which 30 people of them according to the principle of theoretical saturation were selected by snowball sampling method. The research population in the quantitative section was managers and experts of academic spin-off, growth centers and science and technology parks in the north of the country in 2019 year with number of 400 people, which 196 people according to Krejcie and Morgan table were selected as a sample by simple random sampling method. The research instruments were included text review, semi-structured interview and 93 items researcher-made questionnaire whose psychometric indices were confirmed. Data were analyzed by methods of Delphi and interpretive structural modeling in PLS software.Findings: The findings showed that the effective components on growth of academic spin-off were included 93 sub-components in 10 main components including institutional structure, strategy, research system, financial resources, human resource supports, networking and communication skills, processes, individual factors, role of government support and customer orientation. The results of interpretive structural modeling showed that five components of institutional structure, strategy, financial resources, processes and role of government support were located in the first level, three components of research system, networking and communication skills and individual factors were located in the second level and two components of human resource support and customer orientation were located in the third level and based on the interpretive structural model of effective components on growth of academic spin-off was designed.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, higher education planners and specialists can take advantage from the results of this study and planning for improve and growth of academic spin-off through the effective components identified in it.
Original Article
Mandana Farhanak; Ali Asghar Machinchi; Abbas Gholtash; Seyed Ahmad Hashemi
Abstract
Purpose: Educational systems are one of the most important social institutions, and for this reason, the quality of other social institutions depends to a large extent on how they function. Identifying talents and creating the necessary conditions for the flourishing of people in various fields and the ...
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Purpose: Educational systems are one of the most important social institutions, and for this reason, the quality of other social institutions depends to a large extent on how they function. Identifying talents and creating the necessary conditions for the flourishing of people in various fields and the balanced and balanced growth of human beings in various aspects of physical, intellectual, emotional, artistic, etc. is a responsibility that this system must fulfill. Today, the main task of educational systems is to adopt approaches and policies that are appropriate to current and future developments, both from a revolutionary and adaptive perspective, which plays an essential role in the quality of education and learning. Educational systems in every society and country have different functions; one of these functions is the growth and flourishing of students' talents, abilities and artistic and aesthetic capabilities. Regarded to the role of integrated curriculum of arts education in academic success and performance, the aim of this research was presenting of elements pattern of the integrated curriculum of arts education in Farhangian University students.Methodology: The type of research based on the aim was applied and based on the implementation method was exploratory from type qualitative. The research population was the documents and texts of the integrated curriculum of arts education and the curriculum experts of Farhangian University in 2020 year. The research sample were 20 documents and texts related to the title and 28 experts who were selected by purposive sampling method after reviewing the inclusion criteria and according to the principle of theoretical saturation. For data collection were used from take noting and semi-structured interviews methods, which its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was confirmed by the agreement coefficient method between the two coders (r=0.76). Finally, the data were analyzed by content analysis method with a deductive approach.Findings: Based on the theoretical foundations and research background, the elements of the integrated curriculum of art education were identified including four sections of aims, content and learning activities, teaching methods and evaluation. Also, based on the interviews, elements of the integrated curriculum of art education were extracted for all four sections. Finally, the identified elements of both sections of the theoretical foundations and research background and interviews were combined and based on designed elements pattern of the integrated curriculum of arts education in Farhangian University students.Conclusion: According to the elements pattern of the integrated curriculum of arts education in Farhangian University students based on theoretical foundations and research background and interviews, curriculum specialists and planners to improve the educational system can use it in designing the aims, content and learning activities, teaching methods and evaluation.
Extracted from Treatise
Hosein Majooni; Mohamad reza Ardalanm; Siroos Ghanbari; Afshin Afzali
Abstract
Purpose: Educational institutions and schools are extremely important for the social, economic and cultural stability of any country. Therefore, in order to succeed in various fields, countries are looking for ways to improve their schools, educational systems, and the quality of their education, so ...
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Purpose: Educational institutions and schools are extremely important for the social, economic and cultural stability of any country. Therefore, in order to succeed in various fields, countries are looking for ways to improve their schools, educational systems, and the quality of their education, so that they can increase their ability in the global competition environment. One of the ways that plays an important role in improving the quality and gaining the competitive advantage of educational organizations is the issue of organizational excellence. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between distributive leadership and school organizational excellence with the mediating role of structural and psychological empowerment in teachers.Methodology: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study consisted of all primary school teachers in Fars province in the academic year 2020-21 to 16264 people, from which a sample of 375 people was selected based on Cochran's formula. Considering the classes of the research community such as type of region, number of cities / districts and gender, the stratified random sampling method was used. Data collection based on four questionnaires of distributive leadership (Almore, 2000), psychological empowerment (Spritzer, 1995), structural empowerment (Kordanij, Bakhshizadeh and Fatholahi, 2015) and organizational excellence (Amarloo, 2018) done. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data using SPSS software version 25 and LISREL version 8.80.Findings: The results of the fit indices of the confirmatory path analysis model showed that the structural model of the research has a suitable and acceptable fit. Based on other research results, distributive leadership has a direct, positive and significant relationship with structural empowerment, psychological empowerment and organizational excellence of schools; Structural empowerment has a direct, positive and significant relationship with the organizational excellence of schools and psychological empowerment; And psychological empowerment had a direct, positive and significant relationship with the organizational excellence of schools (0.0011). Distributive leadership through structural empowerment and psychological empowerment has an indirect, positive and significant relationship with the organizational excellence of schools; Structural empowerment due to psychological empowerment had an indirect, positive and significant relationship with the organizational excellence of schools (0.004).Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, school principals and leaders should use distributive leadership strategies to transfer more power, authority and responsibility among teachers, to improve their psychological and structural capabilities, favorable conditions for cooperation and Provide the participation of as many teachers as possible for the growth and promotion of the school level in all dimensions and organizational excellence of the school.
Original Article
Hoorie Jahani; Hamidreza Yazdani; Reza Tahmasebi; Hossein Khanifar; Mohammad Abooyee Ardakan
Abstract
Purpose: In the classical era, the decision-making process was considered to be completely identifiable, but in the modern era, this assumption was increasingly challenged because decision-making is very complex and in various ways, intuitive, experimental, heuristic, static and dynamic rationality. ...
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Purpose: In the classical era, the decision-making process was considered to be completely identifiable, but in the modern era, this assumption was increasingly challenged because decision-making is very complex and in various ways, intuitive, experimental, heuristic, static and dynamic rationality. It takes place in different situations and naturally the human brain may make mistakes in this process. Today, the concept of rational decision-making has been seriously criticized; Criticisms such as that the reasoning capacity of each person is limited and low and influenced by cognitive biases and hidden biases the aim of this study was to understand the decision-making orientations of organizational consultants based on the cognitive science approach.Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in nature and method. The statistical population of the study was the organizational consultants of an industrial town located in Tehran province in 2020. The sample size of 10 people was selected due to theoretical saturation and through snowball sampling. Structured interview method was used to collect data and reliability method between two coders (Cohen kappa coefficient) was used to determine the reliability, which was obtained as 0.86 and was confirmed. The validity was also based on the interview protocol. Data analysis was performed using open coding equivalent to qualitative content analysis in Maxqda 11 software.Findings: Findings from interviews with consultants included: 3 main categories, 8 sub-categories, 28 concepts and 161 initial codes (3 main categories; excessive information, need to act quickly and lack of meaning) and (8 subcategories: availability, framing, reference effect, validation, representation, insistence, commitment and control illusion).Conclusion: The results showed that there are strategic prescriptions for all three main categories, which can be used to greatly reduce bias. Holding workshops such as critical thinking due to deconstruction in the mental framework of individuals, recognizing their personality type and others, clarifying goals before seeing and reviewing options, carefully estimating information sources and increasing the time for decision making reduce this incidence It becomes biased.
Original Article
Seyede Tayebeh Tabai; Hamid Shafizadeh; Nader Soleimani
Abstract
Purpose: Today, organizational socialization is very important for individuals and organizations. Because on the one hand, if it is neglected or ignored, the probability of occurrence and repetition of behaviors outside the framework and organizational norms will increase, and the continuation of this ...
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Purpose: Today, organizational socialization is very important for individuals and organizations. Because on the one hand, if it is neglected or ignored, the probability of occurrence and repetition of behaviors outside the framework and organizational norms will increase, and the continuation of this situation will lead to the formation of negative attitudes and behaviors, conflicts, conflicts, displacement and leaving the job, and on the other hand, the cost of selection And it increases the recruitment of efficient and practical forces for the organization. One of the main concerns of efficient managers at different levels of the organization is how to create suitable platforms for human factors to fulfill their job duties and ethical principles with a sense of responsibility and full commitment, which is one of the factors affecting it, is social responsibility. One of the indicators of citizenship behavior in all organizations, including educational organizations, is acceptance of responsibility, and responsibility is a social process through which people consider themselves a part of the organization and their job, and they tend to always see their organization as successful. Responsibility means valuing the interdependent relationships that exist between the organization, the interest groups, the economic system and related communities, and social responsibility is a tool for the obligations that an organization must have towards its society, a way for policy ideas about the implementation of obligations. And it is a tool to meet the needs of both organization and society. Social responsibility is a social obligation to apply policies in organizational decisions and perform actions and activities related to the values accepted by society. Social responsibility in schools plays an important role in the schools performance and success. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing and presenting the schools social responsibility model.Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative based on the theory of Strauss and Corbin (1998). The research population was schools social responsibility experts of Iran country in 2020 year. The sample size according to the theoretical saturation principle was estimated 15 people who were selected by snowball sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed by open, axial and selective coding method in MAXQDA-12 software.Findings: Findings showed that social responsibility of schools has 98 concepts and 28 sub-categories in 8 main categories including legal responsibilities and moral responsibilities (causal conditions), public and humanitarian responsibilities (central phenomenon), social and political responsibilities (intervening conditions), economic responsibilities (Contextual conditions), environmental responsibilities and stakeholder awareness (strategies) and awareness and cooperation (consequences).Conclusion: Based on the findings, the current research model can be a guide for specialists and planners and they can design and implement programs based on it to evaluate and improve the social responsibility of schools.
Original Article
Monit Safeghiyan; Kiyanosh Hashemian; Khadijeh Abolmaali; Mehrdad Sabet
Abstract
Purpose: Students are considered to be a type of worker due to being involved with homework, which sometimes causes major pressure on students for various reasons, and just as a satisfactory job causes dissatisfaction over time and leads a person to burnout; it is possible that lead a person to academic ...
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Purpose: Students are considered to be a type of worker due to being involved with homework, which sometimes causes major pressure on students for various reasons, and just as a satisfactory job causes dissatisfaction over time and leads a person to burnout; it is possible that lead a person to academic burnout. Studies indicate that all employees and even students may suffer from burnout and the most important objective indicator of burnout can be a significant decrease in performance over a period of several months, which is in the form of low quality performance in performing tasks, loss of efficiency, and increased absenteeism. And it shows a decrease in the desire to perform one's job or academic duties. This research was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of combining education of self-determination and art on reducing academic burnout in male students.Methodology: The present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and quarterly follow-up with control group. The research population was fifth grading elementary male students in district one of Tehran city in the academic years of 2017-18. The research sample consisted of 60 students who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to four groups (three experimental groups and one control group). Each experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 40 minutes and the control group did not receive any training. The research instrument was the academic burnout questionnaire (Schaufeli, Martinez, Pinto, Salanova & Bakker, 2002) and the data were analyzed by methods of repeated measures analysis of variance and bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS-19 software.Findings: The results showed that all three methods of intervention, namely self-determination education, art education and combining education of self-determination and art significantly led to reduce the academic burnout of fifth grade elementary male students and the results were maintained in the follow-up phase (P<0.05). Other findings showed that there was no significant difference between the three intervention methods in reducing academic burnout (P>0.05).Conclusion: The results of the present study have practical implications for professionals, curriculum planners and teachers. They by teaching the above methods or using of them can take an effective step to reduce academic burnout of students.
Original Article
Ebadollah Hadipour; Kamran Mohammad khani; Amirhosein Mohammad Davoudi
Abstract
Purpose: Organizational vitality has an effective role on organizational performance and effectiveness, so the present study was conducted with the aim of identify and analyze the effective barriers on organizational vitality in government organizations.Methodology: The present study in terms of purpose ...
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Purpose: Organizational vitality has an effective role on organizational performance and effectiveness, so the present study was conducted with the aim of identify and analyze the effective barriers on organizational vitality in government organizations.Methodology: The present study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was the documents of organizational vitality and faculty members and managers and deputies of the governmental organization of Mazandaran province in 2019 year. In addition to reviewing the documents of organizational vitality, number of 11 experts according to the principle of theoretical saturation was selected as a sample by purposive sampling method. For data collection were used from the methods of document review and semi-structured interviews with experts, which the its content validity was confirmed by two other researches and its reliability was calculated by Cohen's Kappa coefficient method 0.83. Finally, the data were analyzed by thematic analysis method in MAXQDA12 software.Findings: Findings showed that the effective barriers on organizational vitality in government organizations were included 120 concepts, 49 components and 9 themes. The managerial theme includes five components of authoritarian leadership style, distrust in work, strict monitoring, inefficiency of managers and negative attitude of managers towards employees, individual theme includes six components of negativity at work, self-censorship and organizational silence, introversion, job dissatisfaction, intergenerational gap in the organization and gender discrimination, organizational theme includes six components of injustice in the organization, tough working environment conditions, centralized organizational structure, job instability, controlled human relations and job stress, economic theme includes seven components of disorder in salary based on position, procrastination in repaying bonuses and benefits, inflation, high prices and unemployment in recent years, class gaps, misallocation of services and facilities among employees, payment of taxes disproportionate to salaries and disproportionate income to living expenses, political theme includes five components of restriction of political and individual freedom in the organization, distrust to the government's ability to improve the state of country, existence of corruption in the administrative and financial system, distrust of planning in the work of managers and lack of adherence of managers and supervisors to laws and regulations, physical environment theme includes five components of unsuitable environments for rest, lack of sports facilities and equipment, use of cold and inappropriate colors in the design of buildings, non-use of local symbols and principles in the architecture of buildings and inappropriate use of lighting in buildings, religious-value theme includes six components of procrastination in holding collectively national and religious celebrations, negligence in holding religious festivals and rituals, laxity in holding religious and spiritual activities, disregard for traditional cultures, bad temper with others as a value and distrust to divine judgment and predestination, technological theme includes four components of employees' relationship with new technology instead of human relations, reducing the need for human resources due to the use of technology, allocating a lot of time to use technology and using new technology (robot) instead of human and socio-cultural theme includes five components of lake of attachment and sense of belonging to the living area, lack of sense of identity and good memories of the living area, membership in certain groups and social organizations, lack of sense of freedom and security in society and lack of access to spaces, services and facilities in cities.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, managers and planners of organizations can take an effective step to remove the effective barriers on organizational vitality, which for this purpose is necessary to provide conditions for improving the identified themes and components.
Original Article
Faezeh Azizi Farsani; Zohreh Saadatmand; Mohammad Ali Nadi
Abstract
Purpose: Man is a social being and because of this characteristic, he is bound to learn life skills. Life skills are abilities that are developed with continuous practice and prepare a person to face daily life issues, increase mental, social and health abilities. The World Health Organization has defined ...
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Purpose: Man is a social being and because of this characteristic, he is bound to learn life skills. Life skills are abilities that are developed with continuous practice and prepare a person to face daily life issues, increase mental, social and health abilities. The World Health Organization has defined life skills as the ability to perform adaptive and positive behavior in such a way that a person can cope with the challenges and necessities of his daily life. Life skills are the kind of cognitive, emotional and practical abilities that are needed for success and happiness in everyday life. Life skills training have been receiving the attention of educational system practitioners in recent years due to the fact that it prepares people to deal with problems and create adaptive behaviors. The main purpose of this study was to provide a model of life skills curriculum in elementary school from the perspective of experts.Methodology: The current research was applied in terms of its purpose and qualitative research with thematic analysis in terms of implementation method. The statistical population included various academic experts of the country in the academic year of 2020-21, 14 people were purposefully selected and interviewed until theoretical saturation. The research tool was semi-structured interviews, whose validity was checked with content validity (4 experts including 2 sociologists, 1 psychologist and 1 educational science professor), and for reliability, coders' agreement method was used, and 3 interviews were random. They were selected and coded with another experienced colleague, and the coding agreement rate was 0.94. For data analysis, the coding method (re-oriented and selective) was used.Findings: The results showed that 39 primary themes (open coding), 9 central themes including (family oriented, economic skills, citizenship skills, promotion of moral and religion-oriented skills and in the content dimension environmental skills, critical thinking, media literacy skills and skills Physical-psychological) and 2 selected subjects (purpose and content) as a model of life skills curriculum in elementary school.Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that curriculum planners can present life skills in elementary school in the books of this course in the form of two general dimensions of goals and content.
Original Article
Jeyran Moradi; Yahya Yarahmadi; Mahmood Goodarzi; Omid Moradi
Abstract
Purpose: Educational systems are based on the education and training of the future generation of the society, and students have a central role in this system, and the existence of social support from families, the government, the education system, and organizations. And other inputs are required for ...
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Purpose: Educational systems are based on the education and training of the future generation of the society, and students have a central role in this system, and the existence of social support from families, the government, the education system, and organizations. And other inputs are required for their growth. In this regard, psychologists and teachers consider motivation as one of the key concepts used to explain different levels of performance. The main cause of behavior is motivation and it can be defined as the driving force of human activities and the factor of his learning. Also, this concept can be used to explain the difference between students who have the same aptitude for learning, but their academic progress is different. From the point of view of psychologists, motivation is an internal process that activates, directs and maintains behavior over time, and motivation has been divided into two categories: "internal" and "external". The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between success factors and student achievement motivation.Methodology: This was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the present study included all 11th grade female students in Kermanshah in the academic year 2018-19. From this population, 400 people were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data collection tools were the Student's Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (Jink and Morgan (1999), Waz & Isaacson (2008), Schumer's Epistemological Beliefs (1990), The Basic Psychological Needs of the Guardian et al. (2000), and Progress Motivation. Were Hermans (1987). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling statistical method in SPSS24 and Amos24 software.Findings: The results showed that the fit of the measurement model and the structural model of the research were confirmed. The results showed that epistemological beliefs, successful academic identity and basic psychological needs had a direct and significant effect on academic self-efficacy and achievement motivation and academic self-efficacy on achievement motivation. Finally, basic needs have a positive effect on successful academic identity and significance of 95% confidence level (P <0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, students who have suffered from academic failure and their motivation for progress and success has a declining trend can be used by using psychological counseling to improve academic identity, epistemological beliefs and basic psychological needs. He intervened and provided the ground for their academic progress. The results of this research can also lead to proper planning in order to adopt appropriate school strategies to increase the motivation of students' progress and consequently reduce academic decline and reluctance.
Original Article
Abozar Ghasemi; Zabih Pirani; Faezeh Nateghi
Abstract
Purpose: The educational institution is considered one of the largest producers of information and undoubtedly the largest consumer and storer of information and knowledge, this is important in our country due to the quantitative development of educational institutions and attention to religious and ...
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Purpose: The educational institution is considered one of the largest producers of information and undoubtedly the largest consumer and storer of information and knowledge, this is important in our country due to the quantitative development of educational institutions and attention to religious and national components. And it has a higher value. The production of knowledge and its optimal application in the process of education and training will increase the knowledge and ability of learners in their most important mission, that is, the training of capable and efficient human resources will succeed more than in the past. However, throughout history and in the contemporary era, there have been many crises that have affected the process of social presence of people in the society and have reduced the desire of people to be outside the house. Seasonal diseases, air pollution, riots and street conflicts, etc. have been among these crises. But the new crisis that has affected all countries is the way of the Covid-19 virus. An outbreak of the novel Covid-19 pneumonia occurred in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and caused global concern. As with all disease outbreaks, the first likely psychological response of the general population is fear of contamination. They also fear that this epidemic will continue. The borderless spread of this new and deadly virus has caused the closure of public centers, educational facilities and important events, including various levels of social and research activities, etc. in different parts of the world. In this regard, one of the institutions affected by Covid-19 was educational organizations and institutions such as schools and universities. The aim of this study was to analyze and explain the pattern of integrated curriculum in elementary school virtual education in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic.Methodology: In terms of applied purpose, in terms of method, the present study was a mixture of consecutive exploratory type and in terms of data collection method in the qualitative part of the data base and in the quantitative part, correlation and structural equations. In the first (qualitative) part of the field interview, the participants included curriculum instructors and some prominent elementary teachers who had top provincial rankings in teacher evaluation, and these individuals were purposefully selected (20 interviews). With 20 people and continued to the point of theoretical saturation) and in the second part (quantitative), the statistical population included elementary teachers in Arak (360 people). The research tool in the qualitative part of the interview was semi-structured and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire (36 items in the form of four indicators) was selected. MaxQDAPro, SPSS24 and Smart PLS2 software were used to review and answer the research questions and to draw and compile the measurement model and structural model.Findings: The results of the present study showed that the four central codes of learning activities, objectives, content of the integrated curriculum and evaluation of academic achievement were the central codes of the integrated curriculum model in elementary school virtual education in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic. Also, the results of the structural model showed that all four dimensions have sufficient fit.Conclusion: The results of the present study, even after the end of the Covid-19 pandemic period, can pave the way for primary education managers and planners in the country to improve primary education.
Original Article
Mohsen Norani; Reza Shabannejad; Beitollah Akbari Moghaddam
Abstract
Purpose: In human capital management, the term employee loyalty is used as a key to motivate and maintain employees with higher productivity and has a significant effect on well-being, attachment and job satisfaction, employee effectiveness and organizational performance. Enthusiastic employees completely ...
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Purpose: In human capital management, the term employee loyalty is used as a key to motivate and maintain employees with higher productivity and has a significant effect on well-being, attachment and job satisfaction, employee effectiveness and organizational performance. Enthusiastic employees completely integrate with the organization and consider the organization as their identity, consider the organization's failure and success as their own failure and success, and strengthen each other in difficult and critical times, cover the organization's weak points, and in They take the path of doing impossible things.This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychological states on loyalty in the educational organization employees.Methodology: The research was applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of method (qualitative and quantitative). The research population in the qualitative section were education experts and psychology professors who based on the principle of theoretical saturation, 20 people were selected and interviewed by purposeful sampling and snowball. All interviews were coded by content analysis method and were analyzed by Maxqude software. In a small part of the statistical population, including staff, teachers and selected managers of education in Qazvin province in the fall of 2020 with a number of 1200 people and based on Cochran's formula 292 people were selected as a statistical sample. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using face and content validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.92 with Cronbach's test. Data analysis was performed by inferential factor analysis with MICMAC software. Finally, Minimum Partial- Squares method and PLS software were used to validate the structural equations and model fit.Findings: he results of the qualitative section showed that there were 64 indicators and 26 components in the form of 7 dimensions, which include: personal dimension with components (self-efficacy, resilience, self-esteem, role-playing behavior), working conditions dimension with components (supervisor support, Independence and freedom of action, professional development, job-person fit), organizational-organizational dimension with components (organizational trust, learning opportunities, reward and appreciation, identity, organizational strategies), moderating variables with Psychological components (job security, organizational interaction, personality traits, social norms), individual outcomes with components (passion, job attraction, skill level), job components (outcomes including, Job satisfaction, commitment to work, empowerment) and the dimension of organizational results including: (productivity, desirability, quality improvement, meritocracy in the organization, respect and client satisfaction) extracted have a positive effect on the loyalty of education staff. The results of a small part showed that the model had a good fit (GOF = 0.39) and the set of pattern variables could predict the loyalty variance of 0.76.Conclusion: According to the research findings in the proposed pattern, it could be concluded that psychological states are one of the most important and vital factors in developing loyalty among educational organization employees. These results can provide a basis for reviewing and making fundamental changes in organizational rules.
Original Article
Nahid Rostamaneh Najafabadi; Mahboubeh Sadat Fadavi; Badri Shah Talebi
Abstract
Purpose: Considering the importance of fundamental transformation and national curriculum documents in education programs, the present research was conducted with the aim of developing a value-based leadership pattern based on the fundamental transformation document and national curriculum document in ...
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Purpose: Considering the importance of fundamental transformation and national curriculum documents in education programs, the present research was conducted with the aim of developing a value-based leadership pattern based on the fundamental transformation document and national curriculum document in Iranian education.Methodology: This study was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was two documents of fundamental transformation and national curriculum in Iranian education that all sentences and paragraphs were selected as a sample by census sampling method. To collect the data were used from complete review of both mentioned documents and the recording of sentences and paragraphs related to value-based leadership, which content validity was confirmed by 15 experts and specialists and their reliability was obtained through an agreement coefficient between the two coders 0.77. Data were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding method.Findings: The findings showed that the fundamental transformation document had 227 indicators in two categories of processes and missions; so that the category of processes included two sub-categories of structural leadership processes (with three concepts of organizational-centered strategies, family-centered strategies and school-centered strategies) and content leadership processes (with a one concept of education-centered strategies) and the category of missions included four subcategories of missions about teachers, students and educators, educational spaces, value-educational areas and areas of Islamic-Iranian culture and civilization. Other findings showed that the national curriculum document had 322 indicators in four categories of principles, strategies, elements and indicators; So that the category of principles included three subcategories of values governing on the evaluation of academic and educational achievement, values governing on the choice of teaching and learning strategies and values governing on the academic and educational curricula, the category of strategies included two subcategories of strategies for production and implementation of programs and central strategy of monotheistic naturalism, the category of elements included five subcategories of reason, faith, science, practice and ethics and the category of indicators included six subcategories of religious and national values of generation education, moral values of generation education, value programs of generation education, goal setting pattern in generation education, general objectives of academic and educational programs in value generation education and achieving the academic and educational curriculum goals in educating the value generation education. Finally, the value-based leadership pattern based on the both documents of fundamental transformation and national curriculum was painted.Conclusion: According to the two patterns of value-based leadership according to the documents of fundamental transformation and national curriculum, the education specialists and planners can use them which for it are necessary to improve the categories and subcategories.
Extracted from Treatise
Mitra Azhdari; Zahra Eftekhar Saadi; Mohammadreza Borna; Sahar Safarzadeh
Abstract
Purpose: Students spend an important part of their lives in school. In this period, special opportunities are provided for their cultivation and growth. The subject of creativity is one of these opportunities that, if formed in this period, will have favorable consequences in various cognitive, social, ...
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Purpose: Students spend an important part of their lives in school. In this period, special opportunities are provided for their cultivation and growth. The subject of creativity is one of these opportunities that, if formed in this period, will have favorable consequences in various cognitive, social, and psychological aspects, and will increase the chances of success in life. Creativity includes talent, initiative and creating, which exists potentially in every person and at every age and is closely related to the socio-cultural environment. Creativity has also been defined as those mental activities that lead to unique and new solutions, ideas, conceptualizations, artistic forms and theories. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of time management on school commitment and creativity of female high school students in Ahvaz.Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and pre-test and post-test semi-experimental design with control group. The statistical population of this study included all high school students (second) in Ahvaz in the academic year 2018-19-, which was determined from 3 districts of the city, district 2 and then 50 students were randomly selected. The selected samples were assigned to two experimental groups (n = 25) and the control group (n = 25). The research instruments included the fear intervention time management educational program (2008), the Torrance Creativity Test Questionnaire (MPPT) and the Abedi School Commitment Questionnaire (2009). The validity of the questionnaire was obtained by content validity and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha test method of 0.91. Time management intervention sessions (during 2 months and 7 sessions) were performed for the experimental group and no training was provided to the control group during this period. Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical methods (analysis of covariance of univariate and multivariate with Spss24 software) were used to analyze the data.Findings: The results showed that the effect of time management intervention on school commitment and students' creativity in the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group and this difference continued (p <0.01).Conclusion: Considering the effect of time management on school commitment and students' creativity, planners of the educational system should include skill courses such as planning and time management in the secondary school curriculum in order to improve life skills along with the topics of the course.
Original Article
Neda Mohseni; Mohammadali Hoseini; Nadergholi Ghorchiyan
Abstract
Purpose: In educational systems, educational and behavioral issues are important categories whose radius of conflict and influence go beyond the framework of formal education and cover the whole life. In this direction and in the field of behavioral issues, there are lifelong approaches that can be considered ...
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Purpose: In educational systems, educational and behavioral issues are important categories whose radius of conflict and influence go beyond the framework of formal education and cover the whole life. In this direction and in the field of behavioral issues, there are lifelong approaches that can be considered and investigated, which should not be hidden or sidelined by the authorities. One of these approaches is home-school interaction. According to the opinion of researchers, the first step of the education process is to establish a relationship. And the final step is to ensure the reliability of relationships and communications. Effective and strong communication between home and school and increasing parental participation is considered essential, and one of the consequences of improving the qualitative and quantitative level of school interaction is the prevention of social misbehavior of students (especially teenagers). Misbehaviors and communication-social challenges can affect social relationships in verbal and non-verbal interactions, play, understanding the goals and intentions of others, emotion regulation, learning skills and other dimensions and fuel wide behavioral problems. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that promote school-family interaction in the prevention of adolescent social abuse.Methodology: The methodology of qualitative research was based on data theory (grounded theory) and content analysis of books and related articles.The statistical population consisted of 10 specialists who did research in the field of educational management and were experts, thinkers and professors in the field of educational management and educational sciences at the university, and were interviewed. The sampling method was purposive. Qualitative data analysis was performed using a coding process based on the systematic design of the data theory strategy of the Corbin and Strauss Foundation (2008). According to this plan, the required data were collected and counted by open coding, axial coding, selective coding of categories, and subcategories. The analysis software was MAXQDA 2018.Findings: After reviewing and matching these codes and removing duplicate codes, common codes were determined and categories were reviewed with the background and theoretical foundations of matching and common concepts. After performing the open coding operation, in the axial coding stage, common and similar concepts (codes) were semantically determined and classified. Finally, the model of promoting school-family interaction in the prevention of adolescent social abuse was validated by experts.Conclusion: The model includes causal conditions: structural factor and cultural factor Strategies: expanding the possibility of parental involvement, expanding professional ethics, setting rules and regulations and creating a culture of consequences: social factors, educational factors; Background: Students' experiences, managerial deficiencies, family educational role and intervention conditions include: Lack of cooperation with the family with educators, lack of family financial resources, lack of specialized staff. K
Original Article
Mohammad Ali Bayati; Saeed Sayadi; Ebrahim Givaki; Sanjar Salajeghe; Amin Nikpour
Abstract
Purpose: Organizations, as intermediate links between people and society, are important and fundamental components of today's human social body, which need people and society to survive and continue their activities. In the traditional perspective, the focus of the governance makers is based on maximizing ...
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Purpose: Organizations, as intermediate links between people and society, are important and fundamental components of today's human social body, which need people and society to survive and continue their activities. In the traditional perspective, the focus of the governance makers is based on maximizing the profit of the shareholders, and for this purpose, they seek to establish laws to structure the relations between the board of directors, shareholders and managers and to resolve possible conflicts between them, but in the new perspective, the perspective goes further and is based on It is necessary to consider the consequences of the organization's governance decisions in all stakeholders and all economic, social and environmental dimensions. Social responsibility is a relatively new management paradigm that emphasizes creating a responsible and committed business. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a social responsibility model with using the meta-combined method.Methodology: This study in terms of time was cross-sectional, in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative with using the meta-combination method. The research population was resources related to social responsibility in the last 20 years, which from among 200 available articles according to the desired criteria and the 3 stages of refinement, number of 42 articles were selected as a sample by purposive method. Data were collected by reviewing documents and taking notes from articles, which the reliability of the findings was obtained using the agreement coefficient between the two coders 0.86 and finally, the data were analyzed by themes analysis method in MAXQDA-10 software.Findings: Findings of the present study showed that social responsibility had 65 indicators, 41 categories and 7 dimensions, that were included economic (6 categories), ethical (8 categories), environmental (8 categories), staff (6 categories), regulatory institutions (5 categories). society (5 categories) and governing institutions (3 categories). Finally, the social responsibility model with using the meta-combined method was designed.Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated the 7 dimensions of economic, ethical, environmental, staff, regulatory institutions, society and governing institutions for the social responsibility model. Organizational officials and managers with the help of the identified dimensions in the present study can provide the basis for improving social responsibility in their organization.
Original Article
Alimorad Karami; Masomeh Samadi; Mohammad Armand; Fahimeh Ansarian
Abstract
Purpose: One of the most important organizations that play an important role in the socialization of people is the organization or education system, which is often implemented through the content of the curriculum and teachers. Through socialization, adolescent students learn how to introduce, control, ...
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Purpose: One of the most important organizations that play an important role in the socialization of people is the organization or education system, which is often implemented through the content of the curriculum and teachers. Through socialization, adolescent students learn how to introduce, control, and manage their emotional, emotional, and social expression and revise their beliefs, values, and norms. The education and training system and schools through official curriculum and hidden curriculum cause the socialization of students. Considering the importance of students' socialization in the education system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a socialization pattern of high school students based on the sociological foundations of the document of fundamental transformation in the education system.Methodology: The present research in terms of time was cross-sectional, in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was the document of the fundamental transformation of the education system and the experts of the education system and educational management of Bushehr province in 2020 year. In addition of document of the fundamental transformation in the education system, the research sample according to the principle of theoretical saturation was obtained 16 people who were selected by purposive sampling method. Data were collected by reviewing documents and semi-structured interviews, which its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability by the agreement coefficient method between the three coders was obtained 0.88 and were analyzed by the thematic analysis method in MAXQDA-12 software.Findings: The results indicated that for the socialization pattern of high school students based on the sociological foundations were extracted 48 indicators, 9 components and 2 dimensions. The intra-individual dimension were included four components of communication and interaction, creativity and skill, attitude and family and the environmental dimension were included five components of school, economic, social, political and value and cultural. Finally, according to the dimensions and components, feedback system and reform, philosophy and aims, pattern implementation stages and pattern implementation mechanism, the socialization pattern of high school students based on the sociological foundations of the document of fundamental transformation in the education system was drawn.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, planning to improve the students' socialization is necessary through the socialization pattern of high school students based on the sociological foundations of the document of fundamental transformation in the education system.
Original Article
Maryam Cاobakhloo; Narges Hassan Moradi; Gholamali Ahmadi
Abstract
Purpose: Succession plays an important role in the future performance of the organization. Therefore, the purpose of this study was identifying the components of succession with emphasis on education and examining their status in Tejarat Bank. Today, more than ever, maintaining efficient and valuable ...
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Purpose: Succession plays an important role in the future performance of the organization. Therefore, the purpose of this study was identifying the components of succession with emphasis on education and examining their status in Tejarat Bank. Today, more than ever, maintaining efficient and valuable organizational forces is doubly important for organizations, and therefore, attention to career planning and human resource management is becoming more important every day (Czarnowski & Pszczolkowski, 2020). Human resources, and especially the talents and abilities of employees, are the main factor in increasing organizational performance, which, while creating a competitive advantage, increases core productivity (Mills, Weary & Von Keyserlingk, 2021). Human resource management is an emotion-based discipline in the business and economic environment that relies on accurate evidence and quantitative and tangible information (Markoulli, Lee, Byington & Felps, 2017). With the increasing growth and development of global markets, identifying people who have the necessary skills and characteristics needed to lead the organization in the future, puts a lot of pressure on organizations, and many senior executives have stated that to recognize a successful organization must recognize its ability. , The development and utilization of effective leadership talentsMethodology: This study was applied in terms of purpose and quantitative in terms of cross-sectional execution method. The study population of managers and experts in charge of human resources in the field of human resources of Tejarat Bank of Tehran province in 2021 was 400 people who estimated the sample size according to Cochran's formula of 196 people who were selected by available sampling method. Criteria for selecting these individuals included willingness to participate in the research and signing the informed consent form for participation in the research, age over 30 years, higher education and the absence of stressful events such as divorce and death of loved ones in the past three months. To conduct this research, first, based on theoretical foundations, with the help of professors, a researcher-made questionnaire was developed, with an emphasis on education. For the samples, the importance and necessity of the research were stated and they were assured about the observance of ethical points and they were asked to answer the questionnaire completely. After completing the samples, they were appreciated for participating in the research and completing the researcher-made questionnaire, and the data were prepared to enter the computer and entered into the SPSS-24 software.Findings: The results of the present study indicate the existence of five factors of job conditions (with the components of delegating factors and levels of decision making, work commitment and professional ethics, dynamism, job security, analytical and macro thinking, leadership style and job satisfaction), human resources (with components of organizational culture, job analysis, employee performance evaluation and human resource management information systems), organizational policies (with components of organizational trust, training and learning, creativity, stakeholders, policies and rules and competitive advantage), organizational climate (with components of atmosphere of organization, richness of knowledge, experience and service history and foresight and risk-taking) and communication and empowerment (with components of internal organizational conflict, communication style and empowerment), that all factor load of them was appropriated. Other results showed that all factors and components of each factor were higher than the population average (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the questionnaire of succession with emphasis on education is a valid and reliable tool and professionals and officials can use it to plan for succession.
Extracted from Treatise
Sajjad Kalantari; Ali Asghar Shojaei; Babak Hosseinzadeh
Abstract
Purpose: Today, research and scientific activities are the main context for the development of societies. In fact, research productivity can lead to the flourishing of scientific production and growth. Teachers, as the main provider of education to students, also need research activities to improve their ...
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Purpose: Today, research and scientific activities are the main context for the development of societies. In fact, research productivity can lead to the flourishing of scientific production and growth. Teachers, as the main provider of education to students, also need research activities to improve their educational quality, which lies in research productivity. Therefore, one of the main necessities of the education system is to address the basic issue of teacher research productivity. Teachers' research activities can play an important role in teaching and its quality. On the other hand, electronic human resource management provides a basis for teachers to rely on electronic research to get acquainted with up-to-date research and apply it in their research activities. Therefore, the use of electronic human resource management in research productivity is one of the axes to improve the quality of teaching and research productivity of teachers. The aim of this study was to present a model of the effect of electronic human resource management on research productivity of education teachers in Mazandaran province.Methodology: The method of the present study was integrated in terms of implementation method (qualitative-quantitative) and applied in terms of purpose. The research population in the qualitative section included Mazandaran University experts in the academic year 2019-20, in which 15 people were selected based on theoretical saturation and purposefully. The statistical population of the quantitative section also included teachers of education and training in Mazandaran province in the academic year 2019-20 (2287 people). The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula of 380 people who were selected by simple sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in the qualitative part of semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. The validity of the qualitative findings with the view of experts and the review strategy and reliability by the coding agreement coefficient method was 0.83. In the quantitative part, it was 0.91 with content validity and reliability with Cronbach's alpha method. To analyze the data in the qualitative part, the coding method was used with Maxquda18 software and in the quantitative part; exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in Pls Smart3 software were used.Findings: Qualitative findings showed that the selected code of electronic human resource management has 33 indicators in 5 central themes including (technological, structural, cultural, strategic and process) and the selected code of research productivity also has 36 indicators in 5 central themes including (individual, organizational, Economic, technical-operational and social). Also, the results of exploratory factor analysis showed that all factor loads of the structures were above 0.40. The results of structural equations also showed that electronic human resource management had a positive effect on research productivity (P <0.05).Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the planners of the education system should provide their research productivity by empowering teachers in the field of electronic human resources.
Extracted from Treatise
Fatemeh Razm; Fariba Hafezi; Fatemeh Sadat Marashian; Farah Naderi; Zahra Dashtbozorgi
Abstract
Purpose: The academic performance of students is the result of several factors that can affect their academic progress. One of the important issues related to the academic performance of students is academic enthusiasm. In fact, academic enthusiasm provides a basis for the student to enjoy education ...
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Purpose: The academic performance of students is the result of several factors that can affect their academic progress. One of the important issues related to the academic performance of students is academic enthusiasm. In fact, academic enthusiasm provides a basis for the student to enjoy education more and to increase his desire to go to school. Academic enthusiasm is usually used as a motivational structure that reflects the learner's commitment to education. Enthusiasm is an immediate state that includes emotional-motivational aspects and is focused on a specific subject or object or a specific person or behavior. Also, academic enthusiasm is a multidimensional construct. Its cognitive dimension implies the amount of student investment in learning activities such as self-direction and the desire to apply effort in academic affairs and use learning strategies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of flipped classroom method on information literacy and academic motivation of female high school students.Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test group and one-month follow-up with control group. The statistical population included all female high school students in Ahvaz in the academic year 2019-2020. A sample of 50 people was purposefully selected and then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (25 people in each group). The research instruments were the Trails Information Literacy Questionnaire (2007) and the Academic Achievement Scale of Fredericks et al. (2004). The experimental group was provided with 8 sessions of 70-minute training of Bergman and flipped classroom method (2014) and the control group did not receive any intervention to analyze the data using inferential statistical methods (Repeated measures analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test) with Spss24 software used.Findings: The results showed that the flipped classroom method on information literacy and academic motivation of students in the experimental group compared to the control group significantly increased their scores and this effect continued until the one-month follow-up period (P <0.05).Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the flipped classroom teaching method increases academic enthusiasm and information literacy in secondary (second) students, and therefore, the planners of the educational system should introduce and explain more about this method to make it more useful for teachers in the teaching-learning process provide.
Extracted from Treatise
Arash Khodabakhsh; Hossein Ali Taghipour; Mehran Mokhtari Baye Kalaei
Abstract
Purpose: In our country, most universities are in the first generation and a limited number of them are in the second generation, and the third and fourth generations of universities in Iran have not been seriously considered yet. Accordingly, many graduates do not succeed in the market due to lack of ...
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Purpose: In our country, most universities are in the first generation and a limited number of them are in the second generation, and the third and fourth generations of universities in Iran have not been seriously considered yet. Accordingly, many graduates do not succeed in the market due to lack of entrepreneurial skills. Therefore, it is essential that the university, as the source of all changes in society, be at the forefront of the entrepreneurial process, and in order to change educational and research patterns and change students' skills and abilities, they must change their education strategy and train entrepreneurial and creative people. In fact, third and fourth generation universities are education-oriented, research-oriented and knowledge-based universities that seek to create value and wealth by developing effective knowledge and entrepreneurship. Curricula, as the heart of higher education, must be aligned with the indicators of this generation of academics in order to pave the way for progress in line with these indicators. The fourth generation universities provide the ground for the realization of up-to-date progress and in accordance with the requirements that are commensurate with the development of changing knowledge and technology. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a curriculum model for fourth generation universities in Iran.Methodology: The research method was fundamental in terms of purpose and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of implementation method. The qualitative community consisted of experts and professors of Iranian university educational planning in the academic year 2020-21, according to the principle of theoretical saturation, 17 of them were selected as a sample by snowball and targeted sampling methods. The quantitative population consisted of all students of higher education centers throughout Iran in the academic year 1399-400, according to the Cochran's formula, 384 of them were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information in the qualitative section and a researcher-made questionnaire was used in the quantitative section, and their psychometric indices were confirmed. Data were analyzed by coding methods in MAXQDA software and heuristic factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and LISREL software.Findings: The findings of the qualitative section showed that 51 indicators in the form of 7 categories of educational approach based on peer education, action-based education, facilitating simulated opportunities, attention to group learning methods, self-directed and self-directed learning, activities based on exploratory learning and new methods Teaching was identified. The findings of the quantitative section showed that 17 items were removed due to a factor load of less than 0.30 and the initial questionnaire was reduced from 51 items to 34 items. , According to group learning methods, self-directed and self-directed learning, activities based on exploratory learning and new teaching methods, all of which have a factor load of more than 0.70, the mean variance of all of them is higher than 0.60 and the reliability of all of them is higher than It was 0.80 that their factor loading was confirmed due to being higher than 0.30, their mean extracted variance was confirmed due to being higher than 0.50 and their reliability was confirmed due to being higher than 0.70. Other results showed that the curriculum for fourth generation universities on all seven categories of peer-to-peer educational approach, action-based education, simulated opportunities, attention to group learning methods, self-directed and self-directed learning, exploratory learning-based activities and new methods. Teaching had a direct and significant effect (P <0.05).Conclusion: Considering the identification of seven categories and the direct and significant effect of the current research curriculum on the seven categories, planning to improve the curriculum for fourth generation universities through the seven categories mentioned above is necessary.
Extracted from Treatise
Mohsen Yousefi; Amin Koraei; Mansour Sodani
Abstract
Purpose: Maternal remarriage can have both positive and negative consequences for children, especially boys. The main purpose of this study was the lived experience of adolescent boys from remarriage of mothers.Method: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of implementation ...
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Purpose: Maternal remarriage can have both positive and negative consequences for children, especially boys. The main purpose of this study was the lived experience of adolescent boys from remarriage of mothers.Method: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of implementation method. The study population consisted of second grade male high school students in Ahvaz in the academic year 2020-2021, in which 16 people were purposefully selected based on theoretical saturation method. The research tool was semi-structured interviews. To validate the findings, the coding process was first reviewed by experts (face validity). The researcher also re-examined the coding process. Reliability was also obtained with a coding agreement coefficient performed by two coders. The content analysis method in MAXQDA software version 2020 was used for data analysis.Findings: The results showed that 53 concepts, 17 central themes and 7 selected themes were identified; The main themes include (deviant thoughts, psychological damage, favorable psychological conditions, supportive relationships, emotional emptiness, loneliness, guilt, anger, negative attitude, fear, economic conditions, rejection, isolationism, facing negative social behaviors, independence) , And inability to accept divorce) and selective topics (psychological well-being, emotional support, emotional experiences, attitudes toward marriage, economic well-being, interpersonal relationships, and accepting divorce).Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that mother remarriage has advantages and disadvantages for adolescents, so education system planners and counselors to reduce the harms of mother remarriage can provide these students with more counseling and care to adapt to new conditions and psychological empowerment.
