دو فصلنامه علمی جامعه شناسی آموزش و پرورش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (آمیخته)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی تربیتی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران

3 استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران

10.22034/ijes.2022.555686.1326

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش گروهی کاوشگری و مفهوم‌آموزی در درس علوم بر خودکارآمدی تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان پسر بود.
روش شناسی: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر شیوه اجرا نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون و پیگیری(یک ماهه) با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش دانش‌آموزان پسر پایه پنجم ابتدایی شهرستان کیار (شهر کرد) در سال تحصیلی 400- 1399 بودند. نمونه پژوهش شامل 75 نفر از دانش‌آموزان پسر در دو گروه آزمایش گروهی کاوشگری، مفهوم‌آموزی و یک گروه کنترل (هر گروه 25 نفر)  بودند که به شیوه نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای از 3 مدرسه و 3 کلاس انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه خودکارآمدی جنکینز و مورگان (1999) و مداخله نیز روش آموزش گروهی کاوشگری و آموزش گروهی مفهوم‌آموزی به مدت 10 جلسه (هر جلسه 45 دقیقه) که برای هر دو گروه آزمایش اجرا شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از روش‌های تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی بنفرونی در نرم‌افزار Spss24 استفاده شد.  
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که هم آموزش گروهی کاوشگری و هم مفهوم‌آموزی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل موجب افزایش نمرات خودکارآمدی تحصیلی شدند(05/0>P). ولی بین میانگین نمرات آموزش گروهی کاوشگری و مفهوم‌آموزی تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت. به عبارتی دیگر، هر دو روش آموزش گروهی کاوشگری و آموزش گروهی مفهوم‌آموزی به یک اندازه موجب افزایش نمرات خودکارآمدی تحصیلی شدند 
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس یافته‌ها می‌توان نتیجه گرفت آموزش گروهی کاوشگری و مفهوم‌آموزی باعث افزایش خودکارآمدی تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان در درس علوم می‌شود. بنابراین برنامه‌ریزان درسی می‌توانند این روش‌ها را بیشتر مورد توجه قرار دهند و همچنین معلمان دوره ابتدایی می‌توانند در آموزش درس علوم از این روش‌های آموزشی جهت خودکارآمدی تحصیلی آنان استفاده نمایند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Exploratory Group Training and Conceptual Learning in Science Lesson on the Academic Self-Efficacy of Fifth Grade Male Students

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojtabah Reisi Sarteshneizy 1
  • Ahmad Ghazanfari 2
  • Reza Ahmadi 3
  • Tayebeh Sharifi 2

1 PhD Student in Educational Psychology, Department of Psychology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran

چکیده [English]

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of group exploratory and conceptual learning in science lessons on the academic self-efficacy of male students.
Methodology: The current research was applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of its implementation, it was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test-follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this research was the fifth grade male students of Kiyar city in the academic year of 2020-21. The research sample consisted of 75 male students in three experimental groups of exploration, concept learning and control (25 people in each group) who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling from 3 schools and 3 classes. The research tool was the self-efficacy questionnaire of Jenkins and Morgan (1999) and the intervention was the method of exploratory group training and concept learning group training for 10 sessions (each session 45 minutes) which was implemented for both experimental groups. For data analysis, inferential statistical methods (repeated measurement analysis and Benferroni post hoc test) were used with Spss24 software.
Findings: The results showed that both exploratory group training and conceptual learning increased academic self-efficacy scores compared to the control group. But there was no significant difference between the average scores of exploratory group training and conceptual learning. In other words, both methods of exploratory group training and concept learning group training equally increased academic self-efficacy scores (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the group teaching of exploration and conceptual learning increases the academic self-efficacy of students in the science course. Therefore, lesson planners can pay more attention to these methods and also elementary school teachers can use these educational methods in teaching science lessons to better understand students and their academic self-efficacy.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Group Education
  • Exploration
  • Concept learning
  • Academic Self-Efficacy
  • Experimental Sciences
  • Students
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