دو فصلنامه علمی جامعه شناسی آموزش و پرورش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کمی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مشاوره، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران

4 استاد پژوهشگاه مطالعات آموزش و پرورش، تهران، ایران

چکیده

ند هدف:  هدف پژوهش حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی مشاوره گروهی با رویکرد گشتالت درمانی و واقعیت درمانی بر سبک های هویت دانش آموزان دوره متوسطه اول شهر تهران بود.
روش شناسی: پژوهش حاضر نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون-پس آزمون با گروه گواه بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانش آموزان دختر دوره متوسطه اول مدارس دولتی شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 99-1398 بودند. 45 نفر با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای  انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه 15 نفری قرارگرفتند. در این پژوهش گروه آزمایش اول 10 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای برنامه آموزش مشاوره گروهی گشتالت درمانی و گروه آزمایش دوم 10 جلسه 90 دقیقه ای برنامه آموزش مشاوره گروهی واقعیت درمانی را دریافت کردند و گروه کنترل هیچ درمانی دریافت نکردند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه سبک‌های هویت برزونسکی (1989)  بود.داده‌­ها به وسیله روش تحلیل واریانس چند متغیری و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی و نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 22، تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
یافته­ها: نتایج نشان داد مشاوره گروهی واقعیت درمانی تاثیر بیشتری نسبت به گشتالت درمانی بر سبک‌های هویت داشت. واقعیت درمانی با تأکید بر آزادی انسان و رفتار مسئولانه، به ترغیب دانش‌آموزان به شناسایی ارزش‌هایشان و تعیین اهداف، اعمال، موانع و در نهایت تعهد به انجام اعمال در راستای دستیابی به هویت تلاش می‌کند. بنابراین مشاوره گروهی واقعیت درمانی روشی موثر در سبک‌های هویت دانش آموزان است.  (001/0).
بحث و نتیجه­گیری: بر اساس یافته های پژوهش بین گروه آزمایش اول مشاوره گروهی گشتالت درمانی، گروه آزمایش دوم واقعیت درمانی و گروه گواه در سبک‌های هویت تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود دارد 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Group Counseling with Gestalt Therapy and Reality Therapy Approach on the Identity Styles of Female High School Students in Tehran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Majid Ghadami 1
  • Negar Roosta 2
  • Hossein Keshavarzafshar 3
  • Ghodsi Ahghar 4

1 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran

2 PhD Student, Department of Counseling, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Professor of Institute for Educational Studies, Tehran, Iran

4 Professor of Department of counseling, University of Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Purpose: the aim of this research compare the effectiveness of group counseling with Gestalt therapy and reality therapy on identify style in the first high school students in Tehran.
Methodology: Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all female students in the first secondary school of public schools in Tehran in the academic year 2009-2010. 45 people were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method and randomly divided into three groups of 15 people. In this study, the first experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minutes of Gestalt therapy group counseling training program and the second experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minutes of reality therapy group counseling training program and the control group did not receive any treatment. The research tool was Brzonsky (1989) Identity Styles Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test and SPSS software version 22. 
Findings: The results showed that group reality therapy counseling had a greater effect on identity styles than Gestalt therapy. Emphasizing human freedom and responsible behavior, reality therapy seeks to persuade students to identify their values ​​and set goals, actions, barriers, and ultimately a commitment to take action to achieve identity. Therefore, group reality therapy counseling is an effective method in students' identity styles (P˃ 0,001).
Conclusion: Based on the research findings, there is a significant difference in identity styles between the first experimental group of Gestalt therapy group counseling, the second experimental group of reality therapy and the control group.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grouping Counseling
  • Gestalt Therapy
  • Reality Therapy
  • Identity styles
  • Students
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