Psychology
ataolah mahmodi; Yahiya Yarahmadi; omid moradi
Abstract
Considering the change in teaching methods from teacher-centered to student-centered, and the existence of a gap in student-centered teaching models, this research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of the reverse learning model and cooperative learning on the academic engagement ...
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Considering the change in teaching methods from teacher-centered to student-centered, and the existence of a gap in student-centered teaching models, this research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of the reverse learning model and cooperative learning on the academic engagement of secondary school students. The present research method was semi-experimental in terms of practical nature and in terms of the intervention method. The research population was 60 secondary school students of Bukan city, who were selected in two intervention groups and one control group. The research tools included reverse learning package (Mahmodi et al., 2023), GI cooperative learning package (Kazemi et al., 2022) and Rio academic engagement questionnaire (2013) were used, and multivariate covariance analysis was used to analyze the effectiveness. Based on the results of the educational intervention, the pattern of reverse learning and collaborative learning has a positive and significant effect on students' academic engagement (sig<0.05). Also, the findings showed that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of the reverse learning educational program and cooperative learning-based education on students' academic engagement only in the cognitive engagement component (sig<0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that the originality of the teaching method based on reverse learning can be one of the reasons for the effectiveness of reverse teaching compared to cooperative education, especially in the component of cognitive engagement.
Psychology
Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi kia; Mohammad Naghi Imani; Alireza Mohammadinejad Ganji
Abstract
Purpose: Today, policymaking is of great value and importance to improve the relationship between university and industry, and university education should be based on the needs of industry and society. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to design a university education model based on the needs ...
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Purpose: Today, policymaking is of great value and importance to improve the relationship between university and industry, and university education should be based on the needs of industry and society. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to design a university education model based on the needs of the industry in the Islamic Azad University of Damavand branch.Method: This research was applied in terms of purpose and exploratory (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of mixed methodology. The statistical population in the qualitative part included the faculty members of the Islamic Azad University, Damavand branch, and the managers and activists of industries in Damavand city. Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews with 15 members of the statistical community who were selected by purposive sampling. The interview protocol was approved both in terms of formal and content validity and in terms of reliability based on the agreement between the two coders. The research data were analyzed based on the qualitative analysis process during open, central and selective triple coding through MaxQuda 2020 software.Findings: The findings showed that the model of university education based on the needs of the industry in the university based on the results of the qualitative section, among the 114 open codes identified, twelve components of the university education based on the needs of the industry including the training of employability skills, curriculum development, industrial partnerships, planning and educational development, entrepreneurial, legal and legal culture, government support, policy making, finance, infrastructure, university human resources development policies, educational and research policies were identified. Also, based on the results of quantitative analysis, the highest priority was related to the curriculum development component and the lowest priority was related to the financial component. Finally, the university education model based on industry needs was designed in the university.Conclusion: According to the results of this study about the model of university education based on the needs of the industry in the university, based on the validation of the model, all dimensions of the model were valid and the model had a suitable fit.
Psychology
Mohammad Azad Abdollahpour
Abstract
Objective: The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Short Character Strength Measure (SCSM) among Iranian teachers. Methods: In this correlation study, 200 teachers (100 male, 100 female) completed the Short Character Strength Measure and the Questionnaire ...
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Objective: The main purpose of the present study was to investigate psychometric properties of the Short Character Strength Measure (SCSM) among Iranian teachers. Methods: In this correlation study, 200 teachers (100 male, 100 female) completed the Short Character Strength Measure and the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI). The confirmatory factor analysis method and internal consistency were used to compute the SCSM's factorial validity and reliability, respectively. Also, in order to examine the construct validity of the character strength measure, we computed correlation between different dimensions of SCSM with positive and negative interpersonal teacher behaviors. Results: The results of confirmatory factor analysis, based AMOS software, indicated that multidimensional structure of the SCSM consisted wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, temperance and transcendence had acceptable fit to data in the teacher’s sample. Correlation analyses between different dimensions of SCSM with positive and negative interpersonal teacher behaviors provided initial evidence for the SCSM construct validity. Internal consistencies for the scales measuring wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, temperance and transcendence were 0/66, 0/55, 0/52, 0/50, 0/55 and 0/76, respectively. In sum, these findings provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the SCSM as an instrument to measure of character strength among teacher’s sample.
Psychology
Seyyed Saeed Naeimi Tajdar; Abolfazl Nejatimehr; Abbas Firoozabadi
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the relationship between character virtues and self-compassion among female students in universities, with a focus on the mediating Role of positive emotions.
Methodology: The research employed a correlation method, targeting female students enrolled in universities ...
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Purpose: This study aimed to explore the relationship between character virtues and self-compassion among female students in universities, with a focus on the mediating Role of positive emotions.
Methodology: The research employed a correlation method, targeting female students enrolled in universities in 2022. A sample size of 596 individuals was obtained through available sampling. Data collection utilized the short version of the Values in Action Questionnaire (Linley, Joseph, and Seligman, 2004), self-compassion questionnaire (Neff, 2003), and positive psychotherapy inventory (Rashid, 2020). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24.
Results: The findings revealed that character virtues had a significant direct effect on self-compassion (p>0.003, β=0.61) and an indirect effect mediated by positive emotions (p>=0.003, β=0.06, p=0.003). Moreover, positive emotions exhibited a notable direct effect on self-compassion (p>0.003; β=0.19). also, character virtues and positive emotions explained approximately 58% of the variance in self-compassion.
Conclusions: The study underscores the mediating role played by positive emotions in shaping the relationship between charcter virtues and self-compassion among female university students - possibly enhancing their levels of self-kindness as well as fostering experiences based on excellence and positivity creation.
Psychology
Alieh Amini; Hossein Karsheki; Maryam Bordbar
Abstract
Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of school-related hardiness in the relationship between the Sense of school belonging with educational hope in the second-secondary level students of Mashhad City.
Methodology: The current research was applied research, ...
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Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of school-related hardiness in the relationship between the Sense of school belonging with educational hope in the second-secondary level students of Mashhad City.
Methodology: The current research was applied research, and in terms of data collection, it was descriptive, correlational, and structural equations. The statistical population included all students who were studying theoretical subjects in the high school in Mashhad township in the academic year of 2021-2022. According to Klein's suggestion, the sample size was 322 people and they were selected by available sampling method. The research tools included the educational hope scale (Shegefti & Samani, 2011), the Sense of school belonging scale (Brew et al, 2004) and the school-related hardiness scale (Cole et al, 2004). The data were analyzed with the help of Pearson correlation coefficients and structural equation model in SPSS and AMOS software.
Findings: There is a significant positive relationship between all the components of the Sense of school belonging, academic hardiness and academic hope. Also, the Sense of school belonging has a positive and significant effect on academic hardiness and hope. In addition, hardiness also has a positive and significant effect on educational hope (p<0.01). Finally, the indirect effect of the Sense of school belonging on academic hope through academic hardiness was also confirmed (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The results confirmed the role of sense of belonging as a predictor of academic hope and highlight the role of academic hardiness as a mediator in this relationship. Students with high sense of belonging to school perform better in the two dimensions of academic hope in order to have social support and access to more intellectual-practical resources. Also, these people have higher academic hardiness due to the experience of positive emotions, which has an effect on the students' academic hope due to the increase in predictability, challenge and commitment. The findings show the importance of sense of belonging and academic hardiness in the formation of academic hope and suggest to create a suitable environment to increase students’ school belonging.
Psychology
Simin Asgharinezhad; Hadi Rezghi Shirsavar; Khadijeh Khanzadi
Abstract
Objective: Considering the importance of internet of things in today's schools, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the status of internet of things development in schools based on the future research.
Method: This research in terms of purpose was practical and in terms ...
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Objective: Considering the importance of internet of things in today's schools, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the status of internet of things development in schools based on the future research.
Method: This research in terms of purpose was practical and in terms of implementation method was quantitative. The research population were education managers and planners and officials of universities of Tehran city in the academic years of 2021-2022, which 281 people of them were selected as a sample by cluster sampling method. The tool of the current research was a researcher-made questionnaire of internet of things development in schools based on the future research with 26 items, which whose data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and one sample t-test in SPSS software.
Results: The findings of the exploratory factor analysis showed that the internet of things development in schools based on the future research has 26 items in 7 components of removing time restrictions (with three items of connection per hour, unlimited use and offline use), removing location restrictions (with four items of use in any place, use at school and home, use without special equipment and ability to use a computer), reducing infrastructure costs (with four items of sharing of training, direct transfer of training, eliminating special infrastructure facilities and direct connection to the system), knowledge management (with three items of knowledge creation, knowledge transfer and knowledge distribution), professional competence (with three items of cognitive competence, knowledge competence and skill competence), information technology (with three items of information flow automation, easy access to information and changing the shape of the organization) and effectiveness of educational system (with six items of efficient education, behavior patterns appropriate to time, talent-oriented appropriate to future needs, matching school input with future expectations, satisfactory educational process and providing satisfactory educational services appropriate to future needs). In this study, the factor loading of all 26 items was higher than 0.40, the factor loading of all 7 components was higher than 0.50, their average variance extracted was higher than 0.60, and their
Psychology
Mahnaz Por Jafari shir Joposht; Zohreh Shakibaei; Hajar Zarei
Abstract
Purpose: In the present research, the educational assistance model of parents was discussed to empower schools online. Methodology: In terms of research orientation, the current research was among fundamental research. In terms of the method of data collection, with a qualitative approach, in this ...
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Purpose: In the present research, the educational assistance model of parents was discussed to empower schools online. Methodology: In terms of research orientation, the current research was among fundamental research. In terms of the method of data collection, with a qualitative approach, in this research, various dimensions of parental educational assistance were categorized using a qualitative approach, general scales. In the following, the semi-structured interview tool and the opinions of 22 experts in the field of education in Mazandaran province were used to collect data. In the 19th interview, it was found that the principle of saturation had taken place. Thematic analysis approach and Maxqda software were used for data analysis. Findings: Comprehensive themes extracted, educational assistance for parents to empower online education in times of crisis in 5 categories (individual empowerment, social interaction empowerment, teaching empowerment, virtual space support, support, and evaluation and supervision) and in 16 organizing themes (skills, Competencies, psychological factors, building trust, building coordination, building communication, technical ability, scientific ability, managerial ability, hardware infrastructure, software infrastructure, assessment and monitoring of students, assessment, and monitoring of parents, education of parents, Cultivation of parental educational assistance, identification of obstacles and challenges) and 88 basic themes have been determined and introduced. Conclusion: The importance of the teaching and learning process of students has become more important than before. Because empowering schools is considered one of the most necessary measures and a saving factor in the current situation, it can guarantee the success of the educational system.
Psychology
Nahideh Yousefpour; Noushin Derakhshan; Roghayeh Poursaberi
Abstract
Purpose: Considering the importance of school anxiety and its role in the decline of other academic performance, the present study was conducted with the aim of prediction of school anxiety based on the academic self-efficacy, academic support and academic engagement of first secondary students.Methodology: ...
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Purpose: Considering the importance of school anxiety and its role in the decline of other academic performance, the present study was conducted with the aim of prediction of school anxiety based on the academic self-efficacy, academic support and academic engagement of first secondary students.Methodology: The current research was a descriptive from type of correlation. The research population was all first secondary students of Tabriz city in the academic years of 2022-2023. The sample size based on the Krejcie and Morgan table was calculated 269 people, which this number were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The research tools were the questionnaires of school anxiety (Philips, 1987), academic self-efficacy (Jinks and Morgan, 1999), academic support (Sands and Plunkett, 2005) and academic engagement (Reeve, 2013). The data obtained from the implementation of the questionnaires were analyzed with the methods of Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with enter model in SPSS software.Findings: The findings showed that all three variables of academic self-efficacy, academic support and academic engagement had a significant negative relationship with school anxiety in first secondary students (P<0.01). Also, the three mentioned variables significantly were able to predict 56.5 percent of school anxiety changes in first secondary students (P<0.001).Conclusion: The results of this study have practical implications for people who deal with students, and they to reduce school anxiety in students can increase their academic self-efficacy, academic support and academic engagement through educational workshops.
Psychology
Manouchehr Lerni; Mohammad Reza Beliad; Parisa Iran Nejad; Alireza Mohammadi Nejad Ganji
Abstract
Purpose: Organizational resilience in the crisis conditions is one of the important and effective concepts in crisis management for facing natural hazards. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing an organizational resilience education model of crisis management of universal ...
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Purpose: Organizational resilience in the crisis conditions is one of the important and effective concepts in crisis management for facing natural hazards. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing an organizational resilience education model of crisis management of universal centers to facing with natural hazards and prevention from psychological and social interventions.Methodology: The current research was descriptive from type of correlation. The statistical population of this study was all employees of the universities of Karaj city in the 2022-23 academic years with number of 850 people, which according to Cochran's formula the sample size was determined to be 264 people. The samples of this study were selected with the random cluster sampling method and responded the researcher-made questionnaire of organizational resilience of crisis management (125 items) and the data obtained from its implementation were analyzed with the methods of exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS-27 and Smart PLS-3 software.Fidnings: The findings of the present research showed that the organizational resilience education of crisis management of universal centers to facing with natural hazards and prevention from psychological and social interventions had 125 items, 12 components and 3 dimensions. The dimensions were include individual (with two components of psychological factors of resilience and creativity and innovation), structural (with six components of resilience planning, adaptive factors, commitment and management, crisis culture, learning culture and leadership and decision-making) and operational (with four components of knowledge use, communications, effective public participation and operational knowledge of resources and equipment). The factor load and average variance extracted of all components were higher than 0.50 and the combined reliability of all of them was higher than 0.80. Also, the organizational resilience education model of crisis management of universal centers to facing with natural hazards and prevention from psychological and social interventions had a good fit and this model on all three individual, structural and operational dimensions and each dimension on its components had a direct and significant effect (P<0.001).Conclusion: The results of this study about the designed organizational resilience education model of crisis management of universal centers to facing with natural hazards and prevention from psychological and social interventions can help to crisis management specialists and planners to face hazards in order to increase organizational resilience.
Psychology
Kamalaldin Yarali; Tayebeh Tajari; Maryam Safari
Abstract
Purpose: Higher education through entrepreneurial teaching can create a competitive advantage for itself. Therefore, the aim of this study was designing an entrepreneurial teaching pattern in Iran's higher education.Methodology: The current research in terms of its purpose was applied and in terms of ...
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Purpose: Higher education through entrepreneurial teaching can create a competitive advantage for itself. Therefore, the aim of this study was designing an entrepreneurial teaching pattern in Iran's higher education.Methodology: The current research in terms of its purpose was applied and in terms of its purpose implementation method was descriptive from type of survey. The current research population includes six groups of business startups and establishment of knowledge-based companies, cooperation with entrepreneurial intermediary institutions, entrepreneurship education and teaching, authoring articles, books and guidance or counseling of dissertations and thesis in the field of entrepreneurship, specialist of curriculum and managers of planning higher education in Iranian universities in the academic years of 2020-21. The sample size based on the table of Krejcie and Morgan table was determined 322 people, who this number were selected by simple random sampling method. The instrument of the current research was the researcher-made questionnaire of entrepreneurship teaching in Iran's higher education with 214 items, that whose face and content validity was confirmed by the opinion of experts and its reliability with using combined and Cronbach's alpha methods was obtained above 0.70. The data of this study were analyzed with the methods of exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and Lisrel software.Findings: The findings of the present study indicated that entrepreneurial teaching in Iran's higher education had 214 concepts in 13 components and 6 categories. The category of causal conditions includes the components of the need to face transformations and necessity of creating capabilities (33 concepts), the category of background conditions includes the component of the internal environment or variables (36 concepts), the category of intervening conditions includes the components of the effective professors, universal support and protection and environmental barriers (28 concepts) ), the core category includes the component of entrepreneurial teaching (39 concepts), category of strategies includes the components of the improving the ability of professors, the use of new methods, interaction and rich learning environment (53 concepts), and the category of consequences includes the components of the changing values in higher education and economic dynamics of society (25 concepts); So that the factor load of all components was higher than 0.50, the average variance extracted was higher than 0.60, and the Cronbach and combined reliability of all of them was higher than 0.70. Also, the entrepreneurial teaching pattern in Iran's higher education had a good fit and in this pattern, the category of causal conditions had a direct and significant effect on the core category, the categories of contextual conditions, intervening conditions and core conditions d a direct and significant effect on the category of strategies, and the category of strategies had a direct and significant effect on the category of consequences (P<0.001).Conclusion: The designed pattern in the present research about entrepreneurial teaching in Iran's higher education can be used by curriculum experts and planners, and they based on the results of this study can conduct to entrepreneurial teaching in higher education.
Psychology
Fatemeh Sadat Najmolhoda; Yahya Ghaedi; Sadegh Rezaie
Abstract
Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to identify the mechanisms of using the place of imagination in the philosophy education program for children.Methodology: This research is one of the qualitative researches, which is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive research in terms of data collection ...
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Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to identify the mechanisms of using the place of imagination in the philosophy education program for children.Methodology: This research is one of the qualitative researches, which is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive research in terms of data collection and summarizing, grounded theory method. To identify the components of imagination in the philosophy education program for children in this research: in the first step, by referring to specialized texts on imagination in the philosophy education program for children, including domestic and foreign articles, books and authoritative publications, indicators of imagination in the philosophy education program for children, it was identified, reviewed and summarized using the Cornell study method. In this stage, after 22 people, up to the theoretical saturation of the components were identified. In the second step, semi-structured interviews between experts were used to ensure the effectiveness of the indicators identified as imagination in the philosophy education program for children. The selected experts were a group of experts in educational management and education who had years of experience in educational jobs and were experienced and knowledgeable in relation to the selected indicators and components and had numerous articles in this field.Findings: In the second step of the research, according to the results of interviews with experts, the results of the research showed that the dimensions of imagination in the philosophy education program for children include knowledge-centered with coding components of imagination in philosophy education for children with 5 indicators, goals (individual, social and educational) (26 questions), basics (general and specialized) (12 questions), method (reasoning, skill training and knowledge acquisition) (15 questions) and content (educational, motivational and challenging) (13 questions) and mechanisms ( managerial, technological, educational and environmental) (22 questions).Conclusion: The results showed that imagination in the goals of philosophy for children includes individual, social and educational positions.
Psychology
Zahra Hossein mardi; Ali Asghar Asgharnejad Farid; Afsaneh Taheri
Abstract
Purpose: The present research was conducted with the aim of developing a structural model of students' happiness based on resilience, self-esteem and school satisfaction with the mediation of self-efficacy.
Methodology: The method of the current research was descriptive-correlation type, which ...
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Purpose: The present research was conducted with the aim of developing a structural model of students' happiness based on resilience, self-esteem and school satisfaction with the mediation of self-efficacy.
Methodology: The method of the current research was descriptive-correlation type, which was carried out in the form of path analysis model. The statistical population of this research was made up of female students of the second level of high school in areas 2 and 5 of Tehran, who were studying in different fields of study in the academic year of 2022-2023. To determine the sample size, the principles of determining the sample size in structural equation modeling were used and 400 people were selected as a sample, which was selected using a multi-stage cluster random method. Data collection was based on Oxford happiness questionnaires, Connor and Davidson resilience scale, Cooper Smith self-esteem questionnaire, Morris adolescent self-efficacy questionnaire, and school satisfaction subscale related to the multidimensional scale of students' life satisfaction, which was Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The scores of the questionnaires were 0.93, 0.91, 0.89, 0.88, and 0.88, respectively, and their face and content validity was confirmed using experts' opinions. Data analysis was done with SPSS and AMOS software.
Findings: The results of the path analysis showed that the main research model fits the collected data and all the goodness of fit indices were excellent (CFI=1, RMSEA=0.000, X2=0).
Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, there is a direct and indirect relationship between all three exogenous variables in the model (resilience, self-esteem and school satisfaction) with the main endogenous variable (happiness). And self-efficacy variable mediates the relationship between these variables.
Psychology
Zeinab Mahmoodiasl; Yaser Rezapour Mirsaleh; Ali Nazari
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of the educational package based on the lived experience of mothers with multi-disabled children with emotional dyslexia on the improvement of depression. The method of this research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design ...
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The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of the educational package based on the lived experience of mothers with multi-disabled children with emotional dyslexia on the improvement of depression. The method of this research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research includes all mothers with multi-disabled children whose children were studying in Golhai Shiraz exceptional school in 1400-1401. Among the mothers, 30 mothers were selected as available and were randomly assigned to an experimental group (15 people) and a control group (15 people). Then, the pre-test of the research variables was carried out and the mothers of the experimental group were trained for 12 sessions on alexithymia. After the completion of the training, a post-test of the experimental and control groups was conducted. Research data were collected through alexithymia (Toronto, 1994) and depression (Beck, 1961) questionnaires. The data were analyzed by intragroup-intergroup multiple covariance analysis. The results showed that the alexithymia training program improved depression in mothers of children with multiple disabilities. Therefore, since the program developed in this research was based on the real experiences of mothers of children with multiple disabilities and it was developed specifically for these mothers, and the psychometric features of the program were confirmed by experts in this field, and in a way, it was related to the psychological issues and problems of mothers and It has also addressed children's behavioral problems, and has been more effective.
Psychology
Asiyeh Iri; maryam Taghvaee Yazdi; Saeed Saffarian Hamedani
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze the elements of the ambivalence of entrepreneurship in technical and professional organizations.Method: The present research is descriptive of the correlation type. The statistical population of this research includes all the employees of the technical ...
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Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze the elements of the ambivalence of entrepreneurship in technical and professional organizations.Method: The present research is descriptive of the correlation type. The statistical population of this research includes all the employees of the technical and professional department of Golestan province, whose number was 500, and using Cochran's equation, the number of samples was evaluated as 217, and these people were selected completely randomly. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire for the ambivalence effect model of entrepreneurship on knowledge-based businesses in the technical and professional department of Golestan province. To analyze the data collected using research questionnaires, descriptive and inferential statistical methods (normality of data distribution from the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, single-sample and independent t correlation coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation analysis) using SPSS and Smart PLS software in the form of structural equation modeling method by Cronbach's alpha three criteria; Composite reliability and factor loadings were measured.Findings: The findings of this study indicated that the two-way elements of entrepreneurship in technical and professional organizations include 14 elements of market orientation, market analysis, use of creativity, continuous problem solving, knowledge sharing, knowledge absorption capacity, strategic planning, continuous sourcing, flexible organization, continuous learning, Management expertise, financial support, capable human resources, environment dynamics, ambivalence and results.Conclusion: the analysis model of two-column elements of entrepreneurship in the country's technical and professional organization had a good fit and the coefficient of all paths was significant (P<0.05).
Psychology
Ali PorFalahati; Majid Zargham Hajebi; Alireza AghaYosefi; Mohamad Hosein Zarghami
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the constructive validity of authentic educational courage, which in past researches was not paid much attention to it, and this tool was validated in students and graduates of Iran's higher education system.Methodology: The current research in terms ...
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the constructive validity of authentic educational courage, which in past researches was not paid much attention to it, and this tool was validated in students and graduates of Iran's higher education system.Methodology: The current research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional. The research population was all the students and graduates of different academic courses of the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology of the country in 6 provinces of the three northern, middle and southern regions in the 2011-2020 years The sample size of the research subject based on the five dimensions of the mentioned structure, for at least 100 people for each dimension, finally considering the adequacy of the sample size was 636 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The research tool was a demographic information form and a researcher-made questionnaire of authentic educational courage with 23 real final states, which whose psychometric indicators were examined. The data were analyzed and validated by the symmetric rank multidimensional scaling method. The coordinates used to form the distance matrix of the points were taken directly from the output of the network analysis under the lwmds algorithm.Findings: The results of the research showed that according to the opinion of experts and specialists in the authentic educational courage construct, number of 9 states that were not compatible with external objective facts and rational logic were removed from the final questionnaire and finally 23 states out of 32 possible states were kept for it. This tool has five two level dimensions were including dimensions of goal (with two levels of functional learning and mastery learning), cognitive covert action (with two levels without mindfulness/unrealistic evaluation and mindfulness /real evaluation), emotional-functional overt action (with two levels of cowardice and bravely), response continuity (with two levels of non-continuity of response and continuity of response) and originality of response (with two levels of inauthentic/non-integrity of behavior and authentic/integrity of behavior), which whose validity is confirmed by the opinion of experts and specialists and its reliability is supported by the three-dimensional model selected from all the dimension for the exploratory definition of the authentic educational courage construct, after the complete fitting of the mentioned model with the experimental data obtained from the questionnaire items and the membership of each point to one of the levels of the five dimension was confirmed.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated the appropriate validity of the authentic educational courage construct in the studied sample. Therefore, it seems that this tool can be used as a basis for measuring authentic educational courage of learners by experts and researchers, especially in the field of educational sciences.
Psychology
Mohhamad Ghasem Shabani; Ahmad Sadeghi; Hajar Torkan
Abstract
Purpose: Academic success and satisfaction is one of the most important variables that can be considered as a serious indicator among students, and through them, the future foundations of students' education can be monitored and examined through them. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness ...
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Purpose: Academic success and satisfaction is one of the most important variables that can be considered as a serious indicator among students, and through them, the future foundations of students' education can be monitored and examined through them. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Savickas academic-career plan training on academic success and satisfaction among university students with academic burnout.
Methodology: The current research method was semi-experimental study which conducted with a pre-test and post-test design along with a control group with a follow-up period. The statistical population included all the students of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch who referred to the university counseling center in 2020. From them, 30 students were selected by convenience sampling method and then randomly assigned in the experimental group (15 people) and control group (15 people). The data were collected using Welles's Academic Success Questionnaire (2010) and Ahmadi's Academic Satisfaction Questionnaire (2010) in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages. Savickas academic-career plan training protocol was performed in 8 sessions (one session per week) for 75 minutes. To analyze the data, repeated measure analysis of variance Bonferroni's post hoc test with SPSS.26 software were used.
Findings: The results indicated that Savickas academic-career plan training was effective in enhancement of academic success and satisfaction of university students with academic burnout (P=0.001), and this effectiveness was permanent until the follow-up period (P=0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of the research, we can draw a conclusion that Savickas academic-career plan training is effective on increase of academic success and satisfaction of university students with academic burnout, therefore this training can be used for university students in university counseling centers.
Psychology
Manouchehr Lerni; Mohammad Reza Beliad; Parisa Iran Nejad; Alireza Mohammadi Nejad Ganji
Abstract
Purpose: To face with natural hazards needed to crisis management and organizational resilience in this field. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identifying the dimensions and components of organizational resilience of crisis management in the university centers to face with natural hazards.Methodology: ...
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Purpose: To face with natural hazards needed to crisis management and organizational resilience in this field. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identifying the dimensions and components of organizational resilience of crisis management in the university centers to face with natural hazards.Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was exploratory from type of qualitative. The population of this study were all faculty members of university centers of Karaj city, which according to the principle of theoretical saturation number of 12 people of them were selected as a sample with using the purposive sampling method. The research tool was a semi-structured interview, which its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was obtained by the agreement coefficient method between two coders 0.89. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis method in MAXQDA software.Findings: The findings showed that for the organizational resilience of crisis management in the university centers to face with natural hazards were identified 12 minor categories, 12 sub categories and 3 main categories. In this study, the main categories were include the individual dimension (with 2 sub categories of the psychological component of resilience and creativity and innovation), the structural dimension (with 6 sub categories of the resilience planning component, adaptive component, commitment and management, crisis culture, learning culture and leadership and decision-making), and the operational dimension (with 4 sub categories of knowledge use, communication, public effective participation and operational cognition of resources and equipment). In the end, the pattern of dimensions and components of organizational resilience of crisis management in the university centers to face with natural hazards were drawn.Conclusion: According to the results of the present research about the dimensions and components of organizational resilience of crisis management in the university, centers to face with natural hazards can prepare the ground for the realization of the identified categories to improve the organizational resilience of crisis management to face with natural hazards.
Psychology
Reza Manzari Tavakoli; Zahra Mahdavi Nasab Barfe; Fahimeh Dehghan Dolati; Fatemeh Moslehi
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching the basics of choice theory on enthusiasm for school and psychological toughness of elementary school boys.
Methodology: The purpose of this research was applied, and in terms of the method of implementation, it ...
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Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching the basics of choice theory on enthusiasm for school and psychological toughness of elementary school boys.
Methodology: The purpose of this research was applied, and in terms of the method of implementation, it was a semi-experimental pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this research was all the male students of the elementary school in Kerman city in the academic year of 2021. 30 people were selected as available samples and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 people) and control group (15 people) by lottery method. The research tools included Glaser's choice theory basics training intervention (2015), Viga School Enthusiasm Questionnaire (2016) and Kubasa's stubbornness questionnaire (1979). The intervention sessions of training the basics of selection theory (during 2 and a half months and 10 sessions) were implemented for the experimental group, and no training was provided to the control group during this period. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and covariance analysis with SPSS-24 software were used for data analysis.
Findings: The findings showed that after teaching the basics of selection theory, the enthusiasm for school and the psychological toughness of the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group (p <0.01). The results of univariate covariance analysis also showed that teaching the basics of choice theory had an effect of 0.47 on enthusiasm for school and 0.53 on psychological toughness.
Conclusion: According to the results of this research, teaching the basics of selection theory can be used to increase the enthusiasm for school and the psychological toughness of elementary school boys.
Psychology
Zahra Ghasemzadeh; Hosein Bigdeli; Mohammad Bagher Hobbi
Abstract
Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the difference in the effectiveness of perceptual-motor training and working memory on listening processing and reading comprehension in children with learning disabilities.
Methodology: The present research method is semi-experimental ...
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Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the difference in the effectiveness of perceptual-motor training and working memory on listening processing and reading comprehension in children with learning disabilities.
Methodology: The present research method is semi-experimental and the design used in this research (two-group pre-test-post-test design) is two experimental groups. The statistical population of this research included all fifth and sixth grade children with learning disabilities who referred to counseling centers in 2022. 30 children with learning disabilities who met the criteria for entering the research were selected by available sampling method and were equally and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The first experimental group underwent active memory training including 16 training sessions and the second experimental group underwent perceptual-motor training in 16 sessions and the control group remained waiting without any intervention during this period. The research tools include Fisher's list of hearing problems and Cloze's test. The data analysis of this research was done in two descriptive and inferential parts (covariance analysis) using SPSS-23 software.
Findings: The results showed that both perceptual-motor training and active memory interventions are effective on auditory processing and reading comprehension in children with learning disabilities, and there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of these two treatments in the components of discrimination and auditory acuity. Based on this, it can be said that the rate of increase in the perceptual-motor training group in the components of discrimination and listening acuity was higher than that of the working memory training group. Also, the results indicated that there is no significant difference between the components of auditory processing and reading comprehension in the post-test stage compared to the follow-up stage, which means that the effectiveness of these two treatments in the follow-up stage has been permanent.
Conclusion: perceptual-motor training and active memory played a significant role on auditory processing and reading comprehension in children with learning disabilities and led to improvement in these children.
Psychology
Mahdi Falahi; Ali Mohammad Rezaei; Mohammadagha Delavarpour
Abstract
Purpose: Adult participation in the learning and have motivation to learn are among the main elements of andragogy theory in adult education. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the necessity and how to employees’ participation in the pre-training processes ...
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Purpose: Adult participation in the learning and have motivation to learn are among the main elements of andragogy theory in adult education. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the necessity and how to employees’ participation in the pre-training processes in the andragogy model.Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was the employees of Petrochemical Company of Asaluyeh Pardis of Bushehr province, which number of 15 people of its middle managers and experts were selected as a sample according to the principle of theoretical saturation with the purposive sampling method. The data were collected by semi-structured interview and analyzed by the method of coding based on grounded theory in MAXQDA version 18 software.Findings: The findings showed that the employees’ participation in the pre-training processes in the andragogy model has 556 open codes in 8 categories including the current and continuousness of the needs assessment process, creativity of educational planning processes, attractiveness of pre-training activities, involvement and participation of learners in planning and compiling content, regular and continuous informing of training process, aligning the needs of learners with the needs of organization, educational planning based on the career development and collaborative organizational culture. Also, based on the grounded theory, the motivation to participate in learning were identified as a central category, the current and continuousness of the needs assessment process, educational planning based on the career development and involvement and participation of learners in planning and compiling content were identified as a causal category, the collaborative organizational culture, attractiveness of pre-training activities and creativity of educational planning processes were identified as a background category, the regular and continuous informing of training process were identified as a mediating category, the aligning the needs of learners with the needs of organization were identified as a strategy category and participation in training were identified as a consequence category.Conclusion: According to the identified categories for employees’ participation in the pre-training processes in the andragogy model it is possible to provide the basis for improving employee participation in training.
Psychology
Hava Motamedi barabadi; Masoumeh Samadi; Mohammad Reza Sarmadi; Mahdi Mahmoudi
Abstract
Purpose: Moral education is an important topic that has been studied in many PhD theses of education philosophy field. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to exploration the PhD theses of education philosophy field of government universities in the field of moral education.
Methodology: This study ...
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Purpose: Moral education is an important topic that has been studied in many PhD theses of education philosophy field. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to exploration the PhD theses of education philosophy field of government universities in the field of moral education.
Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was the PhD theses of education philosophy field of government universities in the 1991 to 2020 years with number 263 cases, which 31 cases were selected as a sample by purposive sampling method and based on the abstract and keywords related to the field of moral education. The data were collected by taking notes from PhD theses of education philosophy field and were analyzed by inductive method.
Findings: The findings showed that the exploration the PhD theses of education philosophy field of government universities in the field of moral education indicated that the theses were located in the 6 areas include comparing the views of Muslim thinkers with the views of Western thinkers, moral education based on the opinion of Islam, moral education based on the opinions of Muslim thinkers, moral education based on the opinion of western thinkers, designing the pattern of moral education in the schools and other subjects which most of them compared the views of Muslim thinkers with the views of Western thinkers. All theses had a dual nature and numbers of 17 theses were examined moral education with a theoretical and abstract view and numbers of 14 theses were examined moral education with a functional and practical view.
Conclusion: Examining PhD theses of education philosophy field of government universities in the field of moral education helps to better understand of moral education and clearly shows the existing gaps. Also, the theses did not have the necessary and sufficient compliance with the needs and issues of society and educational needs, and no theses were found on the pathology of moral education in the society and educational system. These results can have many practical implications for specialists, planners and university professors in the education philosophy field and provide the basis for further research and application of the results.
Psychology
Farshad Ferdosi; Najmeh Vakili
Abstract
Purpose: Absolutism is rooted in naturalistic thinking and absolutists believe that certain principles and concepts are fixed in different cultures. The self-esteem and differentiation can impact on the beliefs of absolutism in order to educational cultural pathology of adolescents, therefore, the present ...
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Purpose: Absolutism is rooted in naturalistic thinking and absolutists believe that certain principles and concepts are fixed in different cultures. The self-esteem and differentiation can impact on the beliefs of absolutism in order to educational cultural pathology of adolescents, therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of modeling self-esteem and differentiation with the mediation of responsibility on absolutism in order to educational cultural pathology of adolescents.Methodology: The current research was descriptive from type of correlation. The research population was secondary high school students of Tehran, which 385 people of them were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research tools were researcher-made questionnaires of self-esteem, differentiation, responsibility and absolutism, which their face validity was confirmed by experts' opinion and their reliability was obtained above 0.80 by Cronbach's alpha method. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling in SPSS and AMOS software.Findings: The findings showed that the model of self-esteem and differentiation with the mediation of responsibility on absolutism had a good fit. In the mentioned model, self-esteem and differentiation had a direct and significant effect on responsibility, self-esteem, differentiation and responsibility had a direct and significant effect on absolutism, and self-esteem and differentiation with the mediation of responsibility had an indirect and significant effect on absolutism (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results indicated the effective role of self-esteem and differentiation with the mediation of responsibility on absolutism. Therefore, planners and specialists of adolescent educational cultural activities in order to reduce absolutism can seek to design and implement programs to improve self-esteem, differentiation and responsibility.
Psychology
Mahsa Tajali; Ahmad Basabri; Hassan Asadzadeh
Abstract
Purpose: There are many intervention methods to improve children's psychological characteristics, which in this study attempt to compare the two methods of play therapy and problem solving training. As a result, the aim of this study was to comparing the effectiveness of play therapy and problem solving ...
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Purpose: There are many intervention methods to improve children's psychological characteristics, which in this study attempt to compare the two methods of play therapy and problem solving training. As a result, the aim of this study was to comparing the effectiveness of play therapy and problem solving training on responsibility, distress tolerance and adjustment of 5-7-year-old children.Methodology: This study was a semi-experimental with a pretest, posttest and two-month follow-up design with experimental and control groups. The research population was 5-7-year-old children who referred to counseling and psychological services centers and clinics of Tehran city in 2021 year. Among the members of the population, 45 people were selected by available sampling method and replaced by simple random with the help of lottery in three equal groups including play therapy, problem solving training and control groups. The first experimental group trained 10 sessions with the play therapy method and the second experimental group trained 10 sessions with the problem solving training method and the control group during this period did not receive any training. The data were collected with the California responsibility inventory (Gough, 1951), distress tolerance scale (Simons and Gaher, 2005) and adjustment scale (Matson et al, 1983) and were analyzed with the methods of analysis variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS software.Findings: The findings showed that both methods of play therapy and problem solving training in compared to the control group improved responsibility, distress tolerance and adjustment of 5-7-year-old children and the results remained in the follow-up phase (P<0.001). Also, there was no significant difference between the two methods of play therapy and problem solving training in improving responsibility, distress tolerance and adjustment of 5-7-year-old children in the posttest and follow-up phases (P>0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study indicated the effectiveness of both methods of play therapy and problem solving training on improving responsibility, distress tolerance and adjustment of 5-7-year-old children. Therefore, therapists, psychologists and counselors along with other treatment methods can use both methods of play therapy and problem solving training for their interventions.
Psychology
Hamid Teheri; Davoud Kiakojuri; Mehran Mokhtari; Behzad Farrokh Seresht
Abstract
Purpose: Effective team building helps to promote cooperation, communication and trust between team members and is critical to the success of any organization, especially in multinational organizations. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of qualitatively designing and explaining ...
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Purpose: Effective team building helps to promote cooperation, communication and trust between team members and is critical to the success of any organization, especially in multinational organizations. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of qualitatively designing and explaining of effective team building in active multinational organizations in Iran.
Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The statistical population of this research included experts in the field of public administration and organizational behavior in the field of team building and had work experience in multinational organizations. According to the principle of theoretical saturation, the sample size was estimated to be 15 people, who were selected by targeted and snowball sampling methods. The tool of the current research was a semi-structured interview, which its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was calculated by the Cohen's kappa coefficient method 0.719. The data were analyzed by the coding method based on the grounded theory in MAXQDA 2020 software.
Findings: The findings of the current research showed that effective team building in active multinational organizations in Iran in the causal factors section there were 12 indicators in 3 concepts of learning capabilities, team knowledge and identification of effective teams, in the background factors section there were 11 indicators in 3 concepts of team thinking, effective competitive processes and competitive effectiveness in the organization team, in the intervening factors section there were 14 indicators in 3 concepts of technical structure of effective teams, environmental uncertainty and organizational risks, in the central factors section there were 15 indicators in 3 concepts of value chain in team building, capabilities of effective teams and team building intelligence and export, in the strategic factors section there were 12 indicators in 3 concepts of team value creation, development of team competition and team competitive agility and in the consequence factors section there were 11 indicators in 3 concepts of organizational team effectiveness, promotion of dynamic capabilities of effective teams and development of team competitiveness. According to the aforementioned findings, the pattern of effective team building in active multinational organizations in Iran was designed and drawn in the MAXQDA 2020 software.
Conclusion: According to the identified codes in the current research for effective team building in active multinational organizations in Iran according to the grounded theory, it is suggested to improve the situation of effective team building, especially in multinational organizations provide the basis for improving the identified indicators and concepts.
Psychology
Parisa Safamanesh; Kourosh Parsa Moein; Soghra Afkaneh
Abstract
Purpose: The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and evaluating the dimensions of the research system in higher education.
Methodology: In terms of the purpose, this research is fundamental-applied and also, in terms of the type of data, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) ...
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Purpose: The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and evaluating the dimensions of the research system in higher education.
Methodology: In terms of the purpose, this research is fundamental-applied and also, in terms of the type of data, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) of the exploratory type, which was thematic analysis in the qualitative part and descriptive-survey in the quantitative part. The population studied in the qualitative section included academic (faculty members) and organizational (responsible for Islamic Azad Universities) experts, and in the quantitative section it included all academic faculty members of Islamic Azad Universities. The sample size in the qualitative section was 19 interviewees according to the principle of saturation and the purposeful sampling method, and in the quantitative section, 272 people were selected based on the calculation of the sample size in structural equations and the stepwise cluster random sampling method. To collect information, two documentary (library) and field methods were used: semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire. Also, the answer was taken from a closed questionnaire from the model presented in the qualitative section, which was designed to measure the opinion of experts regarding the validity of the model (external validity). The method of data analysis in the qualitative part of theoretical coding was derived from thematic analysis method with Maxqda software. In the quantitative part, also, in the inferential part to answer the research questions from tests such as Pearson correlation, sample t-test, hierarchical analysis process and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS-v23, Smart Pls-v3 software. and Lisrel V8.8 and Expertchoice-V11 were used.
Findings: The data collection tools were semi-structured interviews in the qualitative part and researcher-made questionnaires in the quantitative part. The validity and reliability of the instruments were examined and confirmed. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part was theoretical coding (open, central and selective) and in the quantitative part included descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation, sample t-test and structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis).
Conclusion: The findings of the qualitative section showed that the research system includes the dimensions of individual factors, infrastructural factors, and policy making. Also, the results showed that the components in the existing condition have a favorable condition.
