Zahra Sadr; Fatemeh Sadat Hosseini; Mojtaba Hemayatkhah; Mohamadreza Masjedi
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of awareness training on the harms of smoking based on the cognitivism theory on raising the awareness of female health activists about smoking and its negative consequences.Methodology: The present study was a semi-experimental ...
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Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of awareness training on the harms of smoking based on the cognitivism theory on raising the awareness of female health activists about smoking and its negative consequences.Methodology: The present study was a semi-experimental project with a pre-test/post-test design on a group of subjects. The statistical population included women active in the field of health in 22 districts of the Tehran Municipality during 2018 and 2019 (with a total of 862 people). The sample size included 456 women who were selected by purposive sampling from among the participants in a workshop, which was held in one session in each district for three hours. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire to evaluate the awareness of the harms of tobacco products, which was adjusted using face validity, and the reliability of the questionnaire was determined through Cronbach’s alpha, which was at an acceptable rate of 0.755. Due to the non-normality of the distribution of the statistical population according to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the pre-test and post-test changes by the SPSS software (SPSS Inc., SPSS version 26).Findings: Findings showed that after the educational intervention, there were significant differences between the following indicators: awareness of the effects of second-hand smoke on fetuses, infants, children, and pregnant women, the harms of smoking for men and women, hookah compared to cigarettes, tobacco-induced cancers, and the average awareness of second- and third-hand tobacco smoke (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the index of awareness of hookah and cigarette second-hand smoke (p = 0.621).Conclusion: The educational intervention about tobacco use and its harms improved women’s awareness of the harms of tobacco, and health professionals can use the mentioned intervention method.
Tahereh Nedaei; Sakine Hassanpour; Neda Ghassabi
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to strategic non-employed women in Qom by using SWOT analyze and Comparison Sport for all of employed and model. Methodology: The research was descriptive and statistical population of the study was all women elder than 15 years old in Qom and the sample size was ...
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to strategic non-employed women in Qom by using SWOT analyze and Comparison Sport for all of employed and model. Methodology: The research was descriptive and statistical population of the study was all women elder than 15 years old in Qom and the sample size was 384 according to Morgan's table. The sampling method was random and classified. A researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 20 questions based on Kendal Coordinate Coefficient Method and they consider the strength and weakness of Sport for all women. The validity and reliability was confirmed by ten experts. The stability was 93% approved by Cronbach's alpha Method. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Friedman test, independent T) on SPSS-22 software at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The findings of this research showed that the most important point of view of women studying "low cost of sports in general than sporting championship" is the main point of strength and "less attention to general sport of women than men" is the most important weakness. Also, the results showed that there was no significant difference between employed and non-employed women in determining the priority points of strength and weakness in Qom city (P < span dir="RTL">< 0/05). Conclusion: The results showed that employed and non-employed women have the same views on the strength and weakness of public sports in Qom and this shows the importance of public sports in women.
Mansoureh Azam Azadeh; Maryam Rajabzadeh
Abstract
The process of social development has made societies in transition, including Iran, undergo fundamental and extensive social changes, and its fundamental nature and rapid and uneven process have brought about numerous social changes for these societies and families. The superiority of women over men ...
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The process of social development has made societies in transition, including Iran, undergo fundamental and extensive social changes, and its fundamental nature and rapid and uneven process have brought about numerous social changes for these societies and families. The superiority of women over men in educational levels in the society in recent decades is one of these changes. Using the instrumental case study method, this article tries to test Archer's theories about individual agency, Blud and Wolff's resource theory, Rodman's cultural context resource theory, Parsons's action components, family structure imbalance theory and exchange theory, and at the same time examines the role Women's academic education has been the way to resolve conflicts in married life in the event of changes and following it. The results of the research show that if women's university education causes a change in their normative attitude towards marital roles, while the attitude of their husbands towards marital roles has not changed,It may increase the level of conflict in the family. But in the meantime, the role of women is very effective in managing conflict and establishing balance in the family.
Fariba Seydan; Sadieh Hesami
Abstract
In recent years, fundamental changes have taken place in women’s status which consequently resulted in modification of women’s roles and their social standings in some sections of society. Some researchers believe that multiple social, career, and family roles are different resources accruing ...
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In recent years, fundamental changes have taken place in women’s status which consequently resulted in modification of women’s roles and their social standings in some sections of society. Some researchers believe that multiple social, career, and family roles are different resources accruing much benefit to individuals and bring about numerous privileges and rewards that improve women’s quality of life. The present study investigates the relationship between women’s role balance and their quality of life. To this end, the population of study consists of female teachers of the department of Education in Sanandaj city who are married and have children. The sample comprises of 290 individuals who were randomly chosen through quota sampling method.The selected women are all official employees working as teachers for the department of Education. Data is collected via a questionnaire. Findingsdisplay significant relationship between the extent of role balance and quality of life. The results of multiple regression analysis reveal that role balance and husbands’ education explain 36 percent of variance of women’s quality of life. The relationship between husbands’ education and women’s quality of life indicate that husbands’ attitude and behavior have significant effect on lives of women.
Ameneh Sedighian Bidgoli; Zahra Rozi Bidgoli
Abstract
Purpose: Modernization is a change in the value, cognitive and behavioral system of people, which is created by the process of macro-modernization, and turns people into effective actors of roles at the institutional and organizational level of modernization, and its existence is one of the important ...
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Purpose: Modernization is a change in the value, cognitive and behavioral system of people, which is created by the process of macro-modernization, and turns people into effective actors of roles at the institutional and organizational level of modernization, and its existence is one of the important factors that facilitate the process of modernization and It is industrialization. Now the issue is, how much have different sections of the society modernized in this situation? And this modernization is influenced by what factors? In this research, modernism is examined from the combination of nine variables: scientism, egalitarianism, global orientation, progressivism, independence, civic orientation, democratic orientation, risk taking, and acceptance of new experiences.Methodology: The method of this research is quantitative and has been used using documentary study and survey methods. The statistical population of the research is made up of female high school teachers in Tehran. The sample population was selected after sampling using Cochran's formula and quotas of regions using statistical methods. 260 people were selected from the three education districts 2, 7, and 16 symbols of upper, middle, and lower classes and calculated with quotas.Findings: According to the findings of the research, 7% of the sample population had a high degree of modernity.Conclusion: years of education and social base are two variables that have a significant relationship with the degree of modernization, and the significant relationship of other included variables was not confirmed.
Mansureh Azam Azadeh1; Maryam Rajabzadeh
Abstract
The process of social development has made societies in transition, including Iran, undergo fundamental and extensive social changes, and its fundamental nature and rapid and uneven process have brought about numerous social changes for these societies and families. The advancement of women over men ...
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The process of social development has made societies in transition, including Iran, undergo fundamental and extensive social changes, and its fundamental nature and rapid and uneven process have brought about numerous social changes for these societies and families. The advancement of women over men in educational levels in the society in recent decades is one of these changes. Using the instrumental case study method, this article tries to test Archer's theories about individual agency, Blud and Wolfe's theory of resources, Rodman's theory of resources in the cultural context, Parsons's components of action, theory of imbalance in family structure and exchange theory, and at the same time examines the role of women's academic education. In the occurrence of changes and following them, the method of conflict resolution in married life has been. The results of the research show that if women's university education causes a change in their normative attitude towards marital roles, while the attitude of their husbands towards marital roles has not changed, it may increase the level of conflict in the family. But in the meantime, the role of women is very effective in managing conflict and establishing balance in the family.
