دو فصلنامه علمی جامعه شناسی آموزش و پرورش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کمی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزش عالی، گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، کرج، ایران

10.22034/ijes.2022.562042.1351

چکیده

هدف: دانشگاه‌ها نقش مهمی در پویایی و رشد منطقه‌ای دارند و دانشگاه‌های نسل چهارم نسبت به دانشگاه‌های نسل اول تا سوم، نقش موثرتری در این زمینه دارند. بنابراین، هدف این مطالعه شناسایی و تعیین روابط ارکان و مولفه‌های دانشگاه نسل چهارم در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بود.
روش شناسی: مطالعه حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر شیوه اجرا آمیخته (کیفی-کمّی) بود. جامعه بخش کیفی اساتید و مدیران آموزشی دانشگاه‌های آزاد اسلامی استان البرز بودند که طبق اصل اشباع نظری تعداد 12 نفر از آنها با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و گلوله‌برفی به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. جامعه بخش کمّی اساتید دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی استان البرز در سال تحصیلی 1400-1399 به تعداد 620 نفر بودند که طبق فرمول کوکران تعداد 273 نفر از آنها با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای بر اساس جنسیت به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها با مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته و پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته گردآوری و روایی و پایایی آنها مناسب ارزیابی شد. همچنین، برای تحلیل داده‌ها در بخش کیفی از روش تحلیل مضمون در نرم‌افزار MAXQDA-2020 و در بخش کمّی از روش‌های تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزارهای SPSS-25 و Smart PLS-3 استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های بخش کیفی نشان داد که برای دانشگاه نسل چهارم در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی 48 شاخص، 16 مولفه و 4 رکن شناسایی شد؛ به‌طوری که ارکان شامل سطح سازمانی (با 3 مولفه تحلیل رقبا، منابع مالی و منابع انسانی)، سطح کلان (با 6 مولفه مدیریت راهبردی، تحلیل محیط داخلی، تحلیل محیط خارجی، فرهنگ‌سازی، آینده‌نگری و آینده‌پژوهی و سیاست‌گذاری)، سطح میانی (با 2 مولفه فناوری و استقلال و آزادی) و سطح خرد (با 5 مولفه آموزش کاربردی، ارزیابی و تغییرات محتوایی، تشخیص فرصت، خلاقیت و مهارت‌محوری) بودند. همچنین، یافته‌های بخش کمّی نشان داد که همه مولفه‌ها بار عاملی بالاتر از 70/0، میانگین واریانس استخراج‌شده بالاتر از 50/0 و پایایی بالاتر از 70/0 داشتند. علاوه بر آن، هر چهار سطح سازمانی، کلان، میانی و خرد بر دانشگاه نسل چهارم و هر یک از مولفه‌ها بر ابعاد مرتبط اثر معنادار مثبت داشتند (05/0P<).
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به ارکان و مولفه‌های شناسایی‌شده در پژوهش حاضر، برای بهبود وضعیت دانشگاه نسل چهارم می‌توان زمینه را برای بهبود ارکان و مولفه‌های دانشگاه نسل چهارم از طریق شاخص‌های هر یک از آنها بهبود بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying and Determining the Relationships between the Pillars and Components of the Fourth Generation University in the Islamic Azad University

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Khoshnejad 1
  • Mahtab Salimi 2
  • Ramezan Jahanian 3
  • Mozhgan Abdollahi 2

1 PhD student, in Higher Education Management,, Department of Educational Sciences,, Karaj, Branch,, Islamic Azad University,, Karaj,, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Purpose: The universities play an important role in regional dynamics and growth, and fourth generation universities play a more effective role in this regard than the first to third generation universities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was identifying and determining the relationships between the pillars and components of the fourth generation university in the Islamic Azad University.
Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of implementation method. The population of the qualitative section was the professors and educational managers of the Islamic Azad Universities of Alborz province, and according to the principle of theoretical saturation, 12 of them were selected as a sample using the purposeful and snowball sampling method. In the academic year of 2020-21, there were 620 people in the quantitative department of Alborz Islamic Azad University, and according to the Cochran formula, 273 of them were selected as a sample by stratified random sampling based on gender. Data were collected by semi-structured interview and researcher-made questionnaire and their validity and reliability were evaluated. Also, for data analysis in the qualitative part, thematic analysis method was used in MAXQDA-2020 software and in the quantitative part, exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods were used in SPSS-25 and Smart PLS-3 software.
Findings: The qualitative findings showed that 48 indicators, 16 components and 4 pillars were identified for the fourth generation university in the Islamic Azad University; So that the pillars were included organizational level (with 3 components of competitors analysis, financial resources and human resources), macro level (with 6 components of strategic management, internal environment analysis, external environmental analysis, making culture, futurism and futures and policy making), middle level (with 2 components of technology and independence and freedom) and micro level (with 5 components of applied training, assessment and content changes, opportunity recognition, creativity and skill-based). Also, the quantitative findings showed that all components had a factor load above 0.70, the average variance extracted above 0.50 and reliability above 0.70. In addition, all four organizational, macro, middle and micro levels had a significant positive effect on the fourth generation university and each component had a significant positive effect on related dimensions (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Regarded to the identified pillars and components in the present study, to improve the status of the fourth generation university can be improved the basic to improve the pillars and components of the fourth generation university through the indicators of each of them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • University
  • Fourth Generation University
  • Islamic Azad University
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