Document Type : Research Article (Quantitative)

Author

Department of Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

10.22034/ijes.2019.43755

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to predict the quality of life of Iranian refugees based on psychological hardiness and perceived social support through hopeful mediation.
Methodology: The research method of correlation is structural equation modeling. The population of the study was all Iranian refugees residing in German refugee camps. 200 people were selected from among them and the research questionnaires were administered to them. The instruments used in this study were World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (1996) Hope Schneider et al (1991) questionnaire, Kobasa et al. (1979) psychological hardiness questionnaire, and Zimet et al. (1988) Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Questionnaire. Depending on the level of measurement of the data and statistical assumptions, the path analysis method was used to analyze the data.
Findings: The results of statistical analysis showed that psychological hardiness and perceived social support had a direct effect on hope. Hope-related relationship with quality of life was positively significant. The indirect effect of psychological hardiness on quality of life through hope was significant. The indirect effect of perceived social support on quality of life through hope was also significant(p <0.05).
Conclusion: Psychological stubbornness and perceived social support can predict quality of life. Hope also plays an important role in predicting quality of life.
 

Keywords

Alfred, G C., Hammer, J H., Good, G E. (2014). Male student veterans: Hardiness, psychological well-being, and masculine norms. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 15(1): 95-99. Azeem, S M. (2010). Personality hardiness, job involvement and job burnout among teachers. International Journal of Vocational and Technical Education, 2(3): 36-40.‌ Folkman, S. (2013). Stress, coping, and hope. In: Carr BI, Steel J eds, Psychological Aspects of Cancer. New York: Springer :119-27. Huang, G., Wu, Y., Zhang, G., Zhang, P., et all. (2011). Analysis of the psychological conditions and related factors of breast cancer patients. The Chinese German Journal of Clinical Oncology; 9(1): 53-7. Kline, R.B. (2011). Principles & Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. Second Edition, New York: The Guilford Press. Kobasa, S C. (1979). Stressful life events, personality and helth: an inquiry into hardiness. J perse soc psycol. 37(1): 1-11. Mollica, R.F., Sarajlic, N., Chernoff, M., Lavell, J. (2001). Longitudinal study of psychiatric symptoms, disability, mortality and emigration among Bosnian refugees. Journal of the American Medical Association, 5: 546-554. Moradi, S., Shaker, A. (2015). The Relationship between psychological hardiness and quality of life among teachers of district one high schools of Urmia city. JPBS; 2: 43-7. Sandvik, A. M., Hansen, A. L., Hystad, S. W., et all. (2015). Psychopathy, anxiety, and resiliency–Psychological hardiness as a mediator of the psychopathy–anxiety relationship in a prison setting. Personality and Individual Differences, 72: 30-34.‌ Snyder, C. R., Harris, C., Anderson, J. R., Holleran, S. A., et all. (1991). The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual- differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Development, 60, 570-585. Steffen, L E., Vowles, K E., Smith, B W., Gan, G. N., et all. (2018). Daily diary study of hope, stigma, and functioning in lung cancer patients. Health Psychology, 37(3): 218-227. Tarimoradi, A. (2014). Compares the Degree of Hardiness and Public Health between Iranian and English Women University Students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116: 101-105.‌ Taylor, S. E., Sherman, D., Kim, H. S., Jarcho, J., et all. (2007). Culture and social support: Who seeks it and why? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 3. Trevizan, F.B., Miyazaki, M., Silva, Y., Roque, C. (2017). Quality of Life, Depression, Anxiety and Coping Strategies after Heart Transplantation. Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery, 32(3). Tribe, R. (2002). Mental health of refugees and asylum seekers. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 8: 240-248. World Health Organization. (2014). Facts on ageing and the life course. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland Retrieved from (http://www. who. int/features/factfiles/ageing/en/). Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52, 30–41.