Aslanian, C.B., Brickell, H.M. (1986). Americans in transition: Life changes as reasons for adult Learning. New York: College Entrance Examination Board.
Burgess, R.G. (1984). In the Field: An Introduction to Field Research. London: Unwin Hyman.
Forlizzi, L. (1990) An Assessment of the Educational Need and Interests of Older Low- Literate Adults. Adult Literacy and Basic Education, 14(3): 204.
Hazen, R M., Trefil J. (1990). Science Matters: Achieving Scientific Literacy Reprint Edition. Amazon.
Krejcie, R. V., Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational Psychological Measurement, 40: 670-610.
Lasway, Rest, B.P. (1992). Barriers to participation of New Literate Adults in the- Literacy Proframme in Tanzania. Tornto: University of Toronto. P: 346.
Meyers. Cliffard. T. (1996) A Vehicle for Development: Theory and practice in case Studies in Nepal. Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts.
Rezaii, A., Izadi, S. (2012). The Social Causes of Illiteracy in Iran. Procedia, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46: 5631–5634.
Roberts, J. A. (1998). Compulsive buying among college students: An investigation of its antecedents, consequences, and implications for public policy. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 32(2).
Rosenberg, Morris. (1986). Conceiving the Self. Krieger: Maabar, FL, from http://www.bsos.umd.edu/socy/rosenberg.htm.