دو فصلنامه علمی جامعه شناسی آموزش و پرورش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کمی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو دکتری مدیریت، واحد کرمان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمان، ایران

2 استادیار گروه روان شناسی، واحد کرمان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،کرمان، ایران

3 دانشـیار مــدیریت دولتـی، واحد کرمـان، دانشـگاه آزاد اســلامی، کرمـان، ایـران

چکیده

هدف: ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ شناسایی موانع و چالش‌های اجرای‌ برنامه‌ریزی‌ استراتژیک در نظام آموزش عالی و اثر آن بر نوآوری سازمانی بود.
روش شناسی: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف، پژوهشی کاربردی و از نظر روش اجرا تلفیقی (کیفی- کمّی) بود. جامعه بخش کیفی شامل خبرگان دانشگاهی در رشته‌های برنامه‌ریزی استان خراسان رضوی در سال تحصیلی 400-1399 بودند که تعداد 30 نفر از آنان با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند به عنوان نمونه و طبق اصل اشباع نظری انتخاب شدند در بخش کمّی نیز جامعه آماری شامل روﺳﺎ و ﻣﻌﺎوﻧﯿﻦ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‌‌های مختلف استان خراسان رضوی در سال تحصیلی 1399-1398 ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد 320 ﻧﻔﺮ بودند ﮐـﻪ بر اساس فرمول کوکران تعداد 175 ﻧﻔﺮ با روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش در بخش کیفی مصاحبه و اعتبار آن با روایی محتوایی و پایایی نیز با ضریب توافق کدگذاری حاصل شد. در بخش کمّی نیز  پرسشنامه محقق ساخته موانع و چالش‌های برنامه‌ریزی استراتژیک با 50 گویه، اجرای برنامه‌ریزی استراتژیک (Barisons, 2010) و نوآوری سازمانی (Ismail, 2002) بود که روایی محتوایی پرسشنامه موانع و چالش‌های برنامه‌ریزی استراتژیک با نظر متخصصان تأیید و پایایی پرسشنامه‌ها با روش آلفای کرونباخ برای هر سه ابزار به ترتیب93/0، 91/0 و 94/0 حاصل شد. تحلیل داده‌های بخش کیفی با روش تحلیل مضمون و در بخش کمّی از آماره‌های توصیفی با نرم‌افزار Spss26 و تحلیل عاملی تاییدی و مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزار Smart pls24 استفاده شد.  
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد موانع و چالش‌های اجرای  برنامه‌ریزی استراتژیک در 5 مؤلفه اصلی (ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ ﻓﺮدی، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﯽ، ﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ، برنامه‌ریزی و مدیریت) و 50 شاخص بود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ و چالش‌های برنامه‌ریزی استراتژیک ﺑر اجرای برنامه‌ریزی استراتژیک اثر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ‌دار(39/25=t) و ﻣﻌﮑﻮس با ضریب مسیر (74/0-) و اجرای برنامه‌ریزی استراتژیک  نوآوری سازمانی اثر معنی‌دار (81/48=t) و ﻣﺜﺒﺖ با ضریب مسیر (84/0) وﺟﻮد داشت.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به یافته‌ها می‌توان نتیجه گرفت نظام آموزش عالی برای افزایش نواوری سازمانی باید از برنامه‌ریزی استراتژیک مناسبی برخوردار باشد و جهت تحقق آن باید موانع و چالش‌های مختلف درون و برون سازمانی را اولویت ‌بندی نماید

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying Obstacles and Challenges in Implementation of Strategic Planning in the Higher Education System and its Effect on Organizational Innovation

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mohammad Tafreshi 1
  • Hamdollah Manzari Tavakoli 2
  • Sanjar Salajegheh 3

1 PhD Student in Management, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Public Administration, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran

چکیده [English]

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the obstacles and challenges to implementation of strategic planning in the higher education system and its effect on organizational innovation.
Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and integrated (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of implementation method. The population of the qualitative department included academic experts in the fields of planning in Khorasan Razavi province in the academic year 2019-2020, 30 of whom were selected as a sample by purposive sampling method according to the principle of theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, the study population consisted of all presidents and deputies of universities of Khorasan Razavi Province in the academic year 2019- 2020 (N = 320), among whom 175 individuals were selected as the sample using Cochran’s sample size formula and simple random sampling. The research tool in the qualitative part of the interview and its validity was obtained with content validity and reliability with coding agreement coefficient. The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire called obstacles to Strategic Planning, Bryson’s Strategic Planning Implementation Scale (2010), and Organizational Innovation Inventory of Esmail (2002). The face validity of all the tools was confirmed, and their reliability was also confirmed with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.93, 0.91, and 0.94, respectively. Qualitative data analysis was used using content analysis method and in the quantitative part descriptive statistics were used with Spss26 software and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling was used in Smart pls24 software.
Findings: obstacles and challenges to strategic planning were categorized into 5 main categories (including individual, organizational, environmental, planning, and managerial obstacles) and were 50 indicators. The results also showed that the challenges and challenges of strategic planning in the implementation of effective strategic planning (t = 25.39) and the coefficient with the path coefficient (-0.74) and the implementation of strategic planning of organizational innovation have a significant effect (t = 48.81) and با It had a path coefficient (0.84).
Conclusion: Higher education authorities must pay special attention to different intra- and extra-organizational obstacles to properly implement strategic educational plans, and thereby foster various innovations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Obstacles to strategic planning
  • Challenges of strategic planning
  • Implementation of strategic planning
  • Organizational innovation
  • Higher education
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