دو فصلنامه علمی جامعه شناسی آموزش و پرورش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کمی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری برنامه ریزی درسی، واحد لامرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لامرد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد لامرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لامرد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد لامرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لامرد، ایران

4 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران

چکیده

هدف: هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی عوامل موثر بر پیاده‌سازی موفق ارزشیابی توصیفی در نظام آموزش ابتدایی ایران و مقایسه ارزشیابی توصیفی ایران با کشورهای منتخب بود.
روش‌شناسی: مطالعه حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر شیوه اجرا کیفی بود. جامعه پژوهش خبرگان ارزشیابی توصیفی در سال 1399 بودند که با توجه به ملاک‌های ورود به مطالعه تعداد 30 نفر طبق اصل اشباع نظری و با روش‌های نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و گلوله برفی به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شد. داده‌ها با مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته جمع‌آوری و با روش کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی در نرم‌افزار MAXQDA تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد که عوامل موثر بر پیاده‌سازی موفق ارزشیابی توصیفی در نظام آموزش ابتدایی ایران دارای 129 مفهوم و 10 مولفه در 2 بعد نیروی انسانی و برنامه‌درسی بود. نیروی انسانی چهار مولفه توانایی معلمان، عوامل انگیزشی، عوامل ساختاری و عوامل مربوط به دانش‌آموزان و برنامه‌درسی شش مولفه برنامه‌درسی چندبعدی، تناسب برنامه‌درسی با امکانات، تناسب برنامه‌درسی با نیازهای فرد و جامعه، محتوی برنامه‌درسی، انعطاف‌پذیری برنامه‌درسی و رضایت دانش‌آموزان از برنامه‌درسی داشت. در نهایت، ارزشیابی توصیفی ایران با کشورهای آلمان و انگلیس مقایسه و شباهت‌ها و تفاوت‌های آن بیان شد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه، برای پیاده‌سازی موفق ارزشیابی توصیفی در نظام آموزش ابتدایی ایران باید به نیروی انسانی و برنامه‌درسی توجه ویژه‌ای شود و از طریق بهبود مفاهیم مربوطه به دنبال ارتقای آنها بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying the Effective Factors on Successful Implementation of Descriptive Evaluation in the Primary Education System of Iran and Comparing the Descriptive Evaluation of Iran with Selected Countries

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Zahra Nabavizadeh 1
  • Ali Asghar Mashinchi 2
  • Seyed Ahmad Hashemi 3
  • Sedigheh Mohammadjani 4

1 PhD Student in Curriculum Planning, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

چکیده [English]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the successful implementation of descriptive evaluation in the Iranian primary education system and compare descriptive evaluation of Iran with selected countries.
Methodology: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of implementation. The research population was descriptive evaluation experts in 1399. According to the inclusion criteria, 30 people were selected as a sample according to the principle of theoretical saturation and with targeted sampling and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed by open, axial and selective coding methods in MAXQDA software.
findings: The results showed that the factors affecting the successful implementation of descriptive evaluation in the Iranian primary education system had 129 concepts and 10 components in two dimensions of manpower and curriculum. Manpower had four components: teachers' ability, motivational factors, structural factors and factors related to students and the curriculum. Finally, the descriptive evaluation of Iran was compared with that of Germany and the United Kingdom, and its similarities and differences were expressed.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, for the successful implementation of descriptive evaluation in the Iranian primary education system, special attention should be paid to manpower and curriculum and sought to improve them by improving the relevant concepts.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Successful implementation
  • descriptive evaluation
  • primary education system
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