دو فصلنامه علمی جامعه شناسی آموزش و پرورش

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی (کمی)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: هدف این پژوهش طراحی مدل رهبری عدالت‌محور در مدیریت مدارس ابتدایی شهر تهران با رویکرد مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری بود.
روش شناسی‌: این مطالعه از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش اجرا مقطعی از نوع کمی بود. جامعه پژوهش مدیران مدارس ابتدایی شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 99-1398 به تعداد 1419 نفر بودند که بر اساس فرمول کوکران حجم نمونه 302 نفر محاسبه شد که این افراد با روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای مرحله‌ای با رعایت نسبت حجم مناطق انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته رهبری عدالت‌محور با 63 آیتم استفاده که روایی محتوایی آن با نظر متخصصان و روایی سازه آن با روش تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و پایایی آن با روش‌های آلفای کرونباخ و ترکیبی تایید شد. داده‌ها با روش‌های تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و PLS تحلیل شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نشان داد که رهبری عدالت‌محور دارای شش بعد شرایط علی (با دو مولفه عوامل سازمانی و عوامل نگرشی)، پدیده محوری رهبری عدالت‌محور (با چهار مولفه الگوهای رفتاری و ویژگی‌های اخلاقی، حمایت از طریق ارتباطات دوجانبه، تقویت رفتار اخلاقی و تصمیم‌گیری)، راهبردها و اقدامات (با دو مولفه تحقق پاداش از طریق عملکرد و تحقق اهداف از طریق پاداش)، شرایط مداخله‌گر (با سه مولفه تفاوت‌های مدیران، تفاوت‌های کارکنان و تغییرات مدیران)، شرایط زمینه‌ای (با دو مولفه عوامل تشویق‌کننده رفتارهای عادلانه و عوامل تهدیدکننده رفتارهای عادلانه) و پیامدها (با سه مولفه پیامدهای مربوط به مدارس، پیامدهای مربوط به کارکنان و پیامدهای مربوط به مدیران) بود. همچنین، نتایج مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که مدل رهبری عدالت‌محور دارای برازش مناسبی بود و مولفه‌های هر یک از ابعاد بر بعد مربوط به خود و همه ابعاد بر رهبری عدالت‌محور اثر معنادار داشتند (05/0>P).
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به یافته‌ها، برنامه‌ریزی برای استفاده از مدل رهبری عدالت‌محور جهت بهبود مدیریت مدارس ضروری است. در نتیجه، مسئولان و برنامه‌ریزان می‌توانند از مدل رهبری عدالت‌محور جهت بهبود عملکرد مدیران استفاده نمایند و برای آنها دوره‌های ضمن خدمت در قالب کارگاه‌های آموزشی برگزار نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a Justice-Oriented Leadership Model in the Management of Primary Schools in Tehran with a Structural Equation Modeling Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narges Shariatmadari 1
  • Alaedin Etemad Ahari 2
  • Asghar Sharifi 2

1 PhD Student, Department of Educational Management, Roodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Management, Islamic Azad University, Roodehen Branch, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Purpose: The aim of this research was designing of justice-oriented leadership model in the management of primary schools of Tehran city with a structural equation modeling approach.
Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and In terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of quantitative. The research population was the primary school managers of Tehran city in the 2019-20 academic years with number of 1419 people, which the sample size based on the Cochran's formula was calculated 302 people who were selected by step stratified sampling method with respect to the volume ratio of areas. To collect data were used from researcher-made questionnaire of justice-oriented leadership with 63-item, which the content validity was confirmed by experts opinion and the construct validity was confirmed by exploratory factor analysis and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha and combined methods. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling in SPSS and PLS software.
Findings: The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that justice-oriented leadership has six dimensions of causal conditions (with two components of organizational factors and attitudinal factors), central phenomenon of justice-oriented leadership (with four components of behavioral patterns and moral characteristics, support through two-way communication, strengthening moral behavior and decision making), strategies and actions (with two components of achievement of reward through performance and achievement of goals through reward), intervening conditions (with three components of managers differences, staff differences and managers changes), underlying conditions (with two components of factors encouraging fair behavior and factors threatening fair behavior) and consequences (with three components of school-related outcomes, staff-related outcomes and managers-related outcomes). Also, the results of structural equation modeling showed that the justice-oriented leadership model had a good fit and the components of each dimensions on their respective dimensions and all dimensions on justice-oriented leadership had a significant effect (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings, planning is essential to use the justice-oriented leadership model to improve school management. As a result, officials and planners can use the justice-oriented leadership model to improve the performance of managers and hold in-service courses for them in the form of workshops.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Justice-oriented leadership
  • management
  • managers
  • primary schools
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